经皮扩张气管套管导入术在脑出血患者中的临床应用

目的总结经皮扩张气管套管导入术在脑出血患者急症抢救中的应用经验。方法对44例需行气管切开的脑出血患者分别行经皮扩张气管套管导入术(PDT组)及传统开放式气管切开术(OT组),对两组的手术时间、切口长度及愈合时间进行比较。结果 PDT组手术时间(9.5±3.2)min]、切口长度(1.5±0.3)cm]、愈合时间(5.3±1.3)d],均优于OT组手术时间(26.5±5.6)min]、切口长度(3.8±1.7)cm]、愈合时间(8.5±1.9)d];组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论经皮扩张气管套管导入术能更加简便、快捷、安全的通畅气道,在脑出血合并上呼吸道梗阻、通气障碍患者中具有较好的应用价值。

Clinical application of percutaneous dilatational tracheotomy to patients with cerebral hemorrhage

Objective To summarize the experience in application of percutaneous dilatational tracheotomy(PDT) in emergency care of patients with cerebral hemorrhage.Methods Forty-four patients with cerebral hemorrhage who needed mechanical ventilation were divided into two groups,i.e.PDT group(n = 24) and open tracheotomy(OT) group(n = 20).Duration of operation,length of incision and time of healing were compared between the two groups.Results Duration of operation,length of incision and time of healing were significantly less in the PDT group (9.5 ± 3.2) min,(1.5 ± 0.3) cm,(5.3 ± 1.3) d]than in the OT group (26.5 ±5.6) min,(3.8 ±1.7) cm,(8.5 ±1.9) d],(P <0.05).The difference showed statistical significance.Conclusion As a valuable care method to the complication of upper respiratory tract obstruction and ventilatory defect in the patients with cerebral hemorrhage,PDT is simple,fast and safe in the reconstruction of airway.