Inside the beating heart: an in vivo feasibility study on fusing pre- and intra-operative imaging for minimally invasive therapy |
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Authors: | Cristian A Linte John Moore Chris Wedlake Daniel Bainbridge Gérard M Guiraudon Douglas L Jones Terry M Peters |
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Institution: | (1) Imaging Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute, 100 Perth Dr., P.O. Box 5015, London, ON, N6A 5K8, Canada;(2) Biomedical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada;(3) Division of Anesthesia, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada;(4) Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada;(5) Canadian Surgical Technologies and Advanced Robotics, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada |
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Abstract: | Objective An interventional system for minimally invasive cardiac surgery was developed for therapy delivery inside the beating heart,
in absence of direct vision.
Method A system was developed to provide a virtual reality (VR) environment that integrates pre-operative imaging, real-time intra-operative
guidance using 2D trans-esophageal ultrasound, and models of the surgical tools tracked using a magnetic tracking system.
Detailed 3D dynamic cardiac models were synthesized from high-resolution pre-operative MR data and registered within the intra-operative
imaging environment. The feature-based registration technique was employed to fuse pre- and intra-operative data during in
vivo intracardiac procedures on porcine subjects.
Results This method was found to be suitable for in vivo applications as it relies on easily identifiable landmarks, and hence, it
ensures satisfactory alignment of pre- and intra-operative anatomy in the region of interest (4.8 mm RMS alignment accuracy)
within the VR environment. Our initial experience in translating this work to guide intracardiac interventions, such as mitral
valve implantation and atrial septal defect repair demonstrated feasibility of the methods.
Conclusion Surgical guidance in the absence of direct vision and with no exposure to ionizing radiation was achieved, so our virtual
environment constitutes a feasible candidate for performing various off-pump intracardiac interventions. |
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Keywords: | Minimally invasive procedures Off-pump cardiac interventions Organ modeling Intra-procedure imaging Virtual augmented reality |
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