760例下呼吸道病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的观察下呼吸道病原菌分布及耐药性特点。方法我院呼吸科因呼吸道感染住院患者的合格痰、支气管冲洗液标本进行细菌学培养及药物敏感试验。结果 760株细菌中,G-杆菌占53.2%,G+球菌占27.1%,真菌占19.7%;其中G-菌以肺炎克雷伯氏菌(12.1%)、铜绿假单胞菌(7.9%)和大肠埃稀氏菌(7.1%)为主;G+球菌占27.1%,溶血葡萄球菌(8.7%)、黄色葡萄球菌(5.8%)、粪肠球菌(5.3%)为主;真菌以白色念珠菌(13.4%)为主;药敏结果提示亚安培南对G-杆菌作用最强,G+球菌对万古酶素表现为高度敏感,对其他抗菌药物存在不同程度的耐药。结论下呼吸道感染以G-杆菌感染为主,真菌感染率上升,细菌多重耐药性显著,应根据药敏选择抗菌药物。

A study on Pathogen and Drug Resistance in Lower Respiratory Tract Infection

Objective To investigate the distribution and drug-resistance of the bacteria in respiratory tract infection.Methods Sputum samples of patients with respiratory tract infection were cultured,antibiotic-resistance test was done according to MIC method.Results A total of 380 strains of pathogenic bacteria were found in sputum samples.Among them,gram-negative pathogens occupied 53.2%.The three common Gram-negative pathogens were Klebsiella pneumonia,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Escherichia coli.Gram-positive were 27.1%,Staphylococcus haemolyticus,Staphylococcus aureus,Enteroccocus faecalis were three main pathogens in Gram-positives.Fungi were 19.%,Candida albicans was the most common in fungi.Gram-negative bacteria were the first sensitive to imipenem.And Gram-positive bacteria were the first sensitive to vancomycin.Conclusions Gram-negative pathogens are the dominant pathogens;Candida albicans infection is also very common.And the drug sensitivity test results are important in the proper selection of antibiotics.