核磁共振成像在中医药领域中的应用研究进展

核磁共振成像(MRI)可以观察人体内部各生理病理器官组织,对于中医药传统“司外揣内”认识人体的方法是一个根本性的补充。近年应用MRI分型辨证研究发现,腰椎盘突出症、膝骨性关节炎、颈椎病、股骨头坏死、乳腺癌、乳腺炎、中风等疾病的各种证型之间体内局部形态结构变化不同,尤其是实证和虚证之间差异明显；中药复方疗效应用MRI可以更加直观地观察体内结构形态的变化；中医针刺危险穴位应用MRI弥补了为避免损伤重要脏器不能在活体试验的不足；应用功能性核磁共振成像(fMRI)发现,针刺不同经络上的穴位可以重叠激活相同的脑区域。功能性核磁共振成像可更广泛地观察机体各种组织结构的功能变化,可能是今后中医辨证和疗效判定的研究方向。

Application of magnetic resonance imaging in traditional Chinese medicine research

The physiological and pathological organs and tissues in human body can be observed by magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),which regarded as a fundamental complement for traditional cognition methods of human body by governing exterior to infer interior in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).In recent years,the research of syndrome differentiation and classification based on MRI have found that,diseases such as lumbar disc herniation,knee osteoarthritis,cervical spondylosis,osteonecrosis of femeral head,breast cancer,mastitis and stroke,there are differences on the local morphological structure changes among various patterns,especially,there are significant differences between syndrome of excess and deficiency. Combined with MRI application,the morphological structure changes in body caused by compound of Chinese medicine could be observed more intuitively,acupuncture on dangerous acupoints could be tested in vivo owing to the avoidance of important organs injury. The application of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has found that acupuncture on acupoints in different meridians could show superposed activation on the same brain region. fMRI is possible to more widely observe the functional changes of various tissue structures,which may be the research direction of TCM syndrome differentiation and efficacy judgement in the future.