Infantile hemangioendothelioma of the pelvis associated with Kasabach-Merritt syndrome

A case of infantile hemangioendothelioma of the pelvis in a newborn male infant is described. Shortly after delivery, a large abdominal mass was found by external examination. CT scan revealed a hypervascular retroperitoneal pelvic mass invading the lumbar spinal column. Exploratory laparotomy was performed and biopsy revealed infantile hemangioendothelioma. The tumor was associated with profound thrombocytopenia, intratumoral hemorrhage, and right hydroureteronephrosis. After treatment with high dose steroids, Cytoxan, and external beam radiation for 2 months, the patient was discharged with persistent thrombocytopenia requiring platelet transfusions. The hydroureteronephrosis has also not improved. The literature on this subject is reviewed.