从医院安全管理和感染控制角度审视医院建筑规划与设计

目的根据医院安全管理和感染发展的现状与趋势,结合医院建筑规划、设计中存在的不足,提出医院建筑规划、设计与改扩建的思路与措施。方法结合国内医院建筑规划、设计及我院总体发展规划和建筑设计与医院感染控制、医院安全管理体会及相关文献报告。结果医院规划、设计与改扩建坚持“以病人为中心”的人性化设计和改造,以控制院内交叉感染和加强医院安全管理作为医院建设、规划设计与分期改扩新建的基本原则,以满足医疗活动顺序及过程作为医院建设、规划设计的依据。最大限度地避免交叉感染、保障医院安全,合理有效地将诊疗部门组成一个有机整体。在门诊、病房区域将医、患通道分开,充分考虑人流、物流、空气流走向和流线组织。将传染与非传染分开、洁净与非洁净分开、内部与外部分开。结论医院建筑规划设计与改扩新建的科学性、安全性、效率性、秩序性是控制医院感染和保障医院安全的基本要素,是提高医疗质量、保障医疗安全的重要保证。

Evaluation on hospital architecture planning and design by the view of hospital infection and security management

Objective: Held up the thoughts and countermeasures on hospital architecture planning and design to improve the security management and control the hospital infection. Methods: a literature review on all kinds of hospital architecture planning and a survey taken from infection control and security management department. Results; hospital planning should follow the rule of patients centered, hospital infection control and security management. Concretely, we should fully consider the factors of pedestrian flow, material flow and air flow and separate the medical staff access from patient access, the clear area from dirty area, infection area from non-infection area, internal area from external area. Conclusions: scientificalness, security, efficiency and order were the basic factors for controlling hospital infection, improving medical quality and assuring hospital security.