多普勒组织成像和组织追踪技术对正常人心室长轴功能评价

目的探讨正常人左、右心室长轴功能的变化,为临床心脏功能评价提供正常值参考。方法应用脉冲多普勒组织超声技术和组织追踪技术观察110名正常成年人二尖瓣环和三尖瓣环不同位点,收缩峰值速度（Sm）,舒张早期峰值速度（Em）、舒张晚期峰值速度（Am）、Em/Am比值和各位点位移（D）的平均值,比较不同年龄组多普勒组织速度和位移,分析其变化规律和特点。结果二尖瓣环各位点Sm和D随着年龄段的增加而显著降低,左心室前壁和侧壁Sm和D高于其它位点,二尖瓣环平均Sm与年龄和左心室射血分数（LVEF）显著相关;二尖瓣环各位点Em和Em/Am随年龄明显降低,平均Em降低的年龄段比二尖瓣舒张早期充盈速度（E峰）早;三尖瓣环Sm与年龄无关,Em和Em/Am随年龄而明显降低。结论二尖瓣环和三尖瓣环多普勒组织速度和位移随年龄出现不同的变化特点,多普勒组织成像对舒张功能变化比传统超声心动敏感。

Evaluation of ventricular longitudinal function by Doppler tissue imaging and tissue tracking in normal adults

AIM To investigate the characteristics of left and right ventricular longitudinal function in normal adult and provide normal values for clinical cardiac performance evaluation.METHODS Peak myocardial systolic velocity(Sm),early diastolic velocity(Em),late diastolic velocity(Am),Em to Am ratio and distance at different mitral and tricuspid annular sites were observed and compared in 110 normal adults.The characteristics of the above parameters were analyzed in different age groups.RESULTS Sm and D in different mitral annular sites decreased with age,and Sm and D at anterior and lateral sites were higher than those at other sites.Mitral annular mean Sm was significantly related to age and left ventricular ejection fraction.Em and Em to Am ratio decreased with age,and mean Em reduction was prior to mitral peak early diastolic filling velocity(E wave) reduction..Tricuspid annular Sm was not related with age,while Em and Em to Am ratio decreased with age.CONCLUSION Mitral and tricuspid annular velocity and distance show different characteristics with age and tissue Doppler imaging is more sensitive to diastolic dysfunction than conventional echocardiography.