活体蛆虫治疗大鼠急性感染创面的研究

目的 研究活体蛆虫对大鼠急性感染性创面的治疗作用,初步探索活体蛆虫治疗创面过程的作用机制.方法 建立SD大鼠(n=90)的急性感染性创面模型,随机平均分为阴性对照组(凡士林纱布覆盖组)、阳性对照组(莫匹罗星软膏治疗组)以及实验组(蛆虫虫包治疗组).在实验过程中,检测创面细菌数量,透明膜法描摹创面面积,各组分别于治疗后的第4,8以及12天取材,随后进行苏木精-伊红(HE)染色并通过免疫组化实验观察各组织内血管内皮生长因子A(VEGFA)及蛋白基因产物9.5(PGP9.5)的表达情况.结果 在创面治疗的第8和12天,蛆虫虫包治疗组肉芽组织的细菌含量明显少于其余两组(P<0.05).同时,蛆虫虫包治疗组及莫匹罗星软膏治疗组创面面积明显小于凡士林纱布覆盖组,而蛆虫虫包治疗组及莫匹罗星软膏治疗组间无明显统计学差异.HE染色发现,蛆虫虫包治疗组及莫匹罗星软膏治疗组创面切片中新生肉芽组织较凡士林纱布覆盖组更加明显,而蛆虫虫包治疗组创面组织中新生毛细血管更为丰富.免疫组化结果 表明,蛆虫虫包治疗组及莫匹罗星软膏治疗组中VEGFA的阳性表达面积均明显高于凡士林纱布覆盖组(P<0.05),而蛆虫虫包治疗组PGP9.5的阳性表达面积明显高于其余两组 (P<0.05).结论 在治疗大鼠急性感染性创面模型时,蛆虫虫包具有理想的抗菌作用,其促进创面愈合效果与莫匹罗星软膏相似,而蛆虫具有更强的促进毛细血管生成作用和促进神经组织再生能力.

Research of maggots on treating the acute infective wound in the rat model

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanism of maggots on treating the acute infective wound in the rat model. Methods The acute infective wound model had been established on SD rats (n=90), which had been randomly divided into three groups including negative control group (vaseline gauze dressing), positive control group (mupirocin ointment treatment) and the experimental group (maggot package treatment). In the process of the experiment, wound bacterial population test, wound area recording, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemical experiment were performed on the day 4, 8 and 12 after treatment. Results On the day 4, 8 and 12 after treatment, the bacteria content of granulation tissue in experimental group was obviously less than negative control group and positive control group (P<0.05). At the same time, the wound area of experimental group and positive control group were significantly greater than negative control group (P<0.05). The results of HE staining indicated that newborn granulation tissue of wounds in experimental group and positive control group wounds were more apparent than negative control group. After maggot treatment, newborn blood capillary in wound tissue grew more. Immunohistochemical results VEGFA and PGP9.5 showed that the positive expression area in experimental group was obviously higher than negative control group and positive control group (P<0.05). Conclusion In the process of treating the acute infective wound model, maggots have an ideal antibacterial effect and can promote tissue repair including capillary growth and nerve tissue regeneration.