2974例血液内科住院患者医院内感染临床分析

目的分析血液内科患者发生医院内感染的原因,控制医院内感染发生率,提高医院管理质量。方法采用回顾性调查方法对2010年1-12月本院血液内科2974例住院患者发生医院内感染情况进行统计分析。结果 2974例住院患者中发生医院内感染164例,发生率为5.51%,其中以白血病和再生障碍性贫血病人尤高,感染率分别达9.66%和8.63%。感染部位以呼吸道最多见,其构成比为44.51%,尤其在冬春季高发呼吸道感染。感染病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主。单因素分析提示医院内感染率随病人年龄、住院时间、侵袭性操作、放化疗和抗生素使用的增加而增高。结论血液内科是医院内感染发生的高危科室之一,必须加强监管,有效地减少医院内感染的发生。

Clinical analysis on nosocomial infection of 2 974 inpatients in hematological ward

Objective To analyze nosocomial infection of the inpatients in hematological ward,and improve the quality of hospital management.Methods A retrospective investigation for nosocomial infection cases of 2 974 inpatients in hematological ward in 2010.Results Totally 164 cases of nosocomial infection were found.The nosocomial infection occurrence rate was 5.51%.The nosocomial infection rates of patients with leukemia and aplastic anemia were higher,accounted for 9.66% and 8.63%,respectively.Respiratory tract infection was the commonest,was accounted for 44.51%,especially in the winter and spring.The pathogen was mainly Gram-negative bacillus.The monofactorial analysis suggested that the nosocomial infection rate increased with increasing of age,hospital stay,invasive manipulation,radiotherapy,and antibiotic therapy（P0.05）.Conclusion Patients in the hematological ward are more likely to develop nosocomial infection.Medical persons should strengthen the surveillance and adopt effective measure to prevent nosocomial infection according its main risk factors.