乙醇对旋毛虫幼虫活力及感染性的影响

目的观察不同体积分数的乙醇溶液对旋毛虫幼虫活力及感染性的影响。方法在体外模拟胃内环境条件下,将100条旋毛虫用不同体积分数的乙醇溶液处理,美蓝-伊红-硼砂（M.E.B）染液鉴定幼虫的活力。64只昆明小鼠随机分为8组（每组8只）,6组小鼠分别经口接种或喂饲500条用不同体积分数的乙醇溶液处理不同时间后的幼虫或含500条幼虫的肌肉,另2组分别为生理盐水处理幼虫与含幼虫肌肉的对照组,感染后7 d与40 d每组各剖杀4只小鼠,分别观察肠道雌虫数与肌幼虫数。结果肌幼虫用体积分数为0.20和0.25的乙醇溶液处理240 min,死亡率分别为0和1.4%;在体积分数为0.30、0.35、0.40、0.45、0.50、0.55和0.60的乙醇溶液处理组幼虫全部死亡所需时间分别为180、90、45、30、30、20和20 min;肌幼虫用体积分数为0.65的乙醇溶液处理1和6 min的死亡率分别为44.4%和100%。旋毛虫幼虫经不同体积分数乙醇溶液处理不同时间后的死亡率差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。趋势性分析结果表明,在体积分数为0.25～0.60的乙醇处理组,幼虫的死亡率随乙醇体积分数的增加及处理时间的延长而升高（P〈0．05）。不同体积分数的乙醇溶液处理不同时间的幼虫接种小鼠后7d和40d，未发现肠道成虫与肌幼虫。结论乙醇对旋毛虫幼虫有较强的杀伤作用，幼虫用体积分数≥0．35的乙醇溶液处理30min其感染性及生殖力完全丧失。

Effects of ethanol on the viability and infectivity of Trichinella spiralis larvae

Objective To observe the effects of different concentrations（volume fraction） of ethanol solution on the infectivity of Trichinella spiralis larvae.Methods In a simulated gastric environment,100 muscle larvae of T.spiralis were treated with different volume fractions of an ethanol solution for different amounts of time and larval viability was identified by methylene blue eosin-borax（M.E.B.） staining.Sixty-four male Kunming mice were randomly divided into 8 groups（8 mice per group）.Six groups of mice were orally inoculated with 500 larva or muscle containing 500 larva treated with different volume fractions of an ethanol solution for different amounts of time; the other two groups of mice were inoculated with 500 larva treated with saline as controls. Four mice from each group were sacrificed on days 7 and 42 postinfection, and the intestinal female adult worms and muscle larvae were observed. Results The mortality rate of T. spiralis muscle larvae treated with 0.20 and 0.25 of ethanol solution for 240 min was 0 and 1.4%, respectively. The time when all the larvae were respectively killed in 0.30, 0.35, 0.40, 0.45, 0.50, 0.55, and 0.60 of ethanol solution was 180, 90, 45, 30, 30, 20, and 20 min. The mortality rate of muscle larvae treated with 0.65 of ethanol solution for 1 and 6 min was 44.4% and 100%. The difference between the mortality rates of T. spiralis muscle larvae treated with different volume fractions of the ethanol solution for different amounts of time was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. Trend analysis showed that the larval mortality in 0.25--0.60 of ethanol solution increased along with an increase in ethanol concentration and prolongation of the treatment time （P〈0.05）. Intestinal female worms and muscle larvae were not found on days 7 and 42 after the mice were inoculated with the larvae treated with different volume fractions of the ethanol solution for different amounts of time. Conclusion Ethanol has stronger killing action on T. spiralis muscle larvae, and larvae