三峡库区兴山县斯氏狸殖吸虫病原学研究

目的调查兴山县斯氏狸殖吸虫中间宿主和保虫宿主种类,感染率,并鉴定虫种。方法捕捉斯氏狸殖吸虫中间宿主和保虫宿主,解剖检虫,计算感染率;观察和测量自然感染、人工感染及采自病人体内的虫体形态和大小。结果第一中间宿主螺类有1科3属4种,分别为觿螺科小豆螺属湖北小豆螺、拟小豆螺属拟小豆螺、拟钉螺属齿拟钉螺和泥泞拟钉螺;共解剖12 192只,感染80只,平均阳性率为0.66%。第二中间宿主溪蟹有1科2属5种,分别为华溪蟹科华溪蟹属锯齿华溪蟹、锯齿华溪蟹兴山亚种、圆顶华溪蟹、陕西华溪蟹和拟溪蟹属无刺非拟溪蟹,平均感染率为28.48%。解剖家猫32只,19只阳性,自然感染率为59.38%。从1只野生豹猫体内检获童虫1条。人工感染家犬的平均检虫率为51.16%,虫体最早成熟期为52 d。口饲、皮肤深埋、腹腔注射3种方式均可感染,肺部检虫率最高为66.25%。24例典型结节型斯氏狸殖吸虫病患者皮下结节活检,15例检获斯氏狸殖吸虫,占62.50%,均为童虫。自然感染、人工感染和人体检获的斯氏狸殖吸虫成虫大小不一,但形态近似。结论兴山县为斯氏狸殖吸虫病流行区,湖北小豆螺、锯齿华溪蟹兴山亚种、圆顶华溪蟹是重要的中间宿主新种。

Investigation on the etiology of Paragonimiasis skrjabini in Xingshan County locating the Reservoir Area of Three Gorges

Objective To investigate the intermediate hosts, reservior hosts, the infection rate of Paragonimias skrjabin i and identify the insect species. Methods The intermediate hosts and reservior hosts were captured and anatomized, and the positive rate was calculated; the natural infection, the artificial infection, the shape and size of patients worm were observed and measured. Results Four kinds of snails ware found for the first intermediate host of paragonimiasis, they belonged to 1 subject and 3 sections. The 4 kinds of snails were Bythiella Moquih Tandon, B. hubeiensis, Pseudobithynella Liu et Dseudobithynella. Sp, Tricula Benson Todonta Liu et al, T. humida Heube. 12 192 snails were anatomised and 80 snails were positive, the average positive rate was 0.66%. There are 5 kinds of river crabs for the second intermediate hosts of paragonimiasis, they belonged to 1 subject and 2 sections, the 5 river crabs were Sinopotamidae Sinopotamon Bott S. denticulatum A. Milne-Edwards, S. denticulatum Xingshanlase Tai et al, S. iuopoterisiturn, S. shensiense, Parapotamon P. graharni Rathbun, the average positive rate was 28.48%. 32 cats ware anatomised, 19 cats were positive, the natural infection rate was 59.38%, a larva of paragonimiasis was found from a wild cat. The average infection rate of artificial worm infected dogs was 51.16%, the best time for worms mature was 52 days. All three ways of feeding, skin deep injection and intraperitoneal injection can be infected, the highest rate of lung seized pest was 66.25 %. Pathology check was made for 24 cases of typical nodular P. skriabini patients, 15 cases were found the larva of P. skriabini （62.50G）. The shape of adult of P. skrjabini for natural infection, artificial infection, people＇s physical examination was similitude. Conclusion Xingshan County is a disease endemic area of P. skrjabini, three species（B, hubeiensis, S. denticulatum Xingshanlase Tai et al, S. iuopoterisitum. ） was new host of P. skrjabini.