初论我国少数民族使用矿物药的品种概况

矿物药在民族传统医药中是不可缺少的一小部分,有的使用量不多,疗效可靠,传承千年至今不衰。从出土文物和历代本草的考证,汉族使用矿物药已有数千年的历史,在大量的主要文献上有品种记载,其他55个少数民族,迄今未见全面综合报道。该文是在少数民族上千年的文献记载基础上,对矿物药进行的全面整理和分析。基本认定当前有20个少数民族使用矿物药,其品种总数为163种(限文章引用文献)。使用最多的民族是藏族,达141种。发现矿物药当前存在较大的问题是:品种待深入调查和研究,规范成为法定的商品药材;确立矿物药的分类原则;通过深入的实验研究,解决减毒、去毒问题。

Preliminary discussion on an overview of ethnic minority use of species of mineral medicine

As an indispensable part of minority traditional medicine, mineral medicine has used with less dosage and reliable efficacy for the last thousand years. Base on the unearthed relics and medical literatures of past dynasties, the history of Han nationality applying mineral medicine has thousands of years, which had been recorded in main literature. But there is less comprehensive report of its usage in the other 55-minority nationality. This article was based on the analysis of ethnic minority literature of thousands of years, and conducted a comprehensive collation and analysis of mineral medicine. It was mostly determined that there was 20 minority groups using mineral medicine, with a total of 163 species (limited our references), and the most used is the Tibetan, accounting for 141. The most serious problems of mineral medicine are that species should be further investigated and researched, and then become the legal commercial medicine, and the classification principles of mineral medicine should be established. Through the traditional processing and experimental studies, the problems of attenuation and detoxification should be solved.