潜水员心理症状与心理社会因素的关系

目的了解潜水员心理症状和心理社会因素的关系,为做好潜水员的心理保健工作提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,以症状自评量表(SCL-90)、生活事件量表(LES)和应对方式问卷(CSQ)、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)作为测评工具,对296名潜水员的心理症状进行了调查。结果负性生活事件刺激量、总生活事件刺激量、不成熟应对方式(自责、幻想、退避)、PSQI与SCL-90总分及绝大多数因子分均呈显著正相关(P0.05);成熟应对方式(解决问题、求助)、社会支持与SCL-90总分及绝大多数因子分均呈显著负相关(P0.05)。PSQI、成熟应对方式对SCL-90总分的回归效应显著(R2=57.8,P0.01)。结论应对方式、睡眠状态是影响心理健康的重要因素,同时能够预测潜水员的心理健康水平。

THE PSYCHOLOGICAL SYMPTOMS AND PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS OF DIVERS

Objective To study the relationship between psychological symptoms and psychosocial factors in divers,so as to provide the basis for mental health care of divers.Methods Stratified cluster sampling was adopted,and Symptom Checklist 90（SCL-90）,Life Event Scale（LES）,Coping Style Questionnaire（CSQ）,Perceptive Social Support Scale（PSSS） and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index（PSQI）were used to evaluate the psychological symptoms and psychosocial factors in 296 divers.Results The total score and most of the factorial scores of SCL were positively correlated with the scores of negative life events,total life events,immature coping style（self-blame,fantasy,avoidance） and PSQI（P0.05）,and negatively correlated with mature coping style （solving problem,seeking for help）,social support（P0.05）. Multiple regression with SCL-90 total score as the dependent variable showed that PSQI and coping style were statisically significant（R2=57.8,F=11.561,P0.01）.Conclusion The coping style and sleep quality of divers are important factors related to their mental health,and the two factors could predict their mental health level.