老年遗忘型轻度认知损害患者语言工作记忆损害特点

目的 探讨老年遗忘型轻度认知损害(aMCI)患者语言工作记忆损害的特点及机制.方法 采用语言工作记忆检查软件对30例老年aMCI患者进行视觉语言工作记忆及词语流畅性和数字广度测试等神经心理学检查,并选择30名健康老人作对照.结果 aMCI患者的视觉语义工作记忆测试成绩正确率低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(79.83%±3.22%与87.00%±1.93%,t=-1.03,P=0.002);视觉语音工作记忆测试成绩也低于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(78.92%±8.60%与86.80%±2.14%,t=-2.34,P=0.060);逆序数字广度测试(1.53±0.86与3.63±0.56,t=-1.23,P=0.027)和词语流畅性测试分值均低于对照组(22.96±2.31与31.53±3.72,t=-1.08,P=0.004),差异具有统计学意义.结论 老年aMCI患者的视觉语义性语言工作记忆受损,语音性语言工作记忆相对保留;逆序数字广度和词语流畅性测试成绩亦显著降低.

Characteristics of verbal working memory in elderly patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment

Objective To explore the features of verbal working memory in elderly patients with anmestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI).Methods Thirty patients with aMCI and 30 normal controls (NC), whose age were over 65 years old, were examined with verbal working memory software and the other neuropsychological tests, such as verbal fluency test (VFT) and digit span test.Results The correct rate of visual semantic verbal working memory test was significantly lower in aMCI patients (79.83% ± 3.22% )than in NC ( 87.00% ±: 1.93 % , t = - 1.03, P = 0.002).There was no significant difference of correct rate of the visual phonological verbal working memory test between the aMCI (78.92% ± 8.60% ) and NC (86.80% ±2.14%, t = - 2.34, P = 0.060).Also, aMCI cases achieved significantly lower scores than NC on VFT (22.96 ±2.31 vs 31.53 ±3.72, t = - 1.08, P =0.004) and BDS ( 1.53 ±0.86 vs 3.63 ±0.56, t = - 1.23, P = 0.027).Conclusion The visual semantic verbal working memory is impaired and visual phonetic working memory is saved in aMCI patients.Both scores of verbal fluency test and digit span test are significantly decreased in aMCI patients, too.