广州地区医科大学生心理压力与社会支持、自我效能感相关性研究

目的 探讨广州地区医科大学生心理压力与社会支持和自我效能感之间的关系.方法 以广州地区3所医科大学在校932名本科生为研究对象,采用张林等编制的大学生心理压力量表、肖水源的大学生社会支持量表、张建新的大学生自我效能感量表(GSES)进行团体测试.结果 ①心理压力与社会支持、自我效能感有不同程度的显著性负相关关系(r=-0.177,-0.366；P＜0.01),社会支持与自我效能感有不同程度的显著性正相关关系(r=0.269,P＜0.05)；②心理压力中的身体状况、人际关系、恋爱情感、经济压力因子与社会支持在统计学上差异有显著性(t=2.735,-7.941,-3.014,1.948；P＜0.05或P＜0.01)；心理压力中的学习、父母期望、理想前途因子与自我效能感在统计学上差异有显著性(t =-4.644,-4.098,2.135；P＜0.05或P＜0.01)；③社会支持在心理压力中的人际关系、恋爱关系、父母期望因子以及自我效能感之间有中介作用(c'/b=-0.389,-0.302,-0.390；P＜0.01).结论 可通过提高医学生的社会支持程度,提高自我效能感从而降低心理压力,促进心理健康.

Relationship between Psychological Stress and Social Support,Self-efficacy of Medical Students in Guangzhou Area

Objective To explore the relationship among psychological stress,social support and self-efficacy of medical students in Guangzhou area.Methods A total of 932 medical students from 3 Guangzhou medical universities were measured with college students＇ psychological stress scale,social support scale and general self-efficacy scale（GSES）.Results ① Psychological stress had significantly negative correlation with social support and self-efficacy（r=-0.177,-0.366;P0.05）,social support had a significantly positive correlation with self-efficacy（r=0.269,P0.05）;② Physical condition;interpersonal relationships,love,emotional,economic stressors could predict social support（t=2.735,-7.941,-3.014,1.948;P0.05 or P0.01）;Academic pressure,parental expectations and ideal future factors could predict self-efficacy（t=-4.644,-4.098,2.135;P0.05 or P0.01）.③ Social support played intermediary role in the relationship between interpersonal relationships,romantic relationships,parental expectation factor and self-efficacy（c ＇/ b=-0.389,-0.302,-0.390;P0.01）.Conclusion By improving medical students＇ level of social support and self-efficacy in order to reduce the psychological pressure,and promote mental health.