河南省某县艾滋病病毒感染/艾滋病流行病学分析

目的 了解河南某县艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染/艾滋病(AIDS)的流行特征.方法 分析1995-2006年某县疾病预防控制中心HIV/AIDS患者的流行病学调查资料.结果 全县共确认HIV抗体阳性者7066人,报告死亡960例,现症病人5874人.既往有偿供血人员比较集中的8个乡(镇)阳性人数占总数的94.8%;报告数以人群筛查集中发现为主;以青壮年农民为主;男性3401,女性3665,男女性别比为:1:1.08;夫妻双阳1361对,男单阳1532人,女单阳1060人.有偿供血传播占88.2%,既往输血传播占4.8%,性接触传播占2.5%(主要是配偶间),母婴传播占3.9%,静脉吸毒传播占0.01%,传播途径不详占0.7%.960例死亡者中,2005年报告最高达321例,其中男性529,女性431,男女艾滋病病死率分别是15.6%、11.8%,二者差异有统计学意义(x2=21.6,P0.001);经不同传播途径感染艾滋病人群病死率依次为:输血15.8%、有偿供血13.7%、母婴10.6%、性接触8.9%.结论 河南某县艾滋病流行形势严峻,多种传播途径并存,已到发病死亡高峰期,并呈由高危人群向一般人群蔓延趋势.

Epidemiological analysis of HIV infections/AIDS in a county of Henan

Objective The study was conducted to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of HIV infections/AIDS in a county of Henan province, providing evidence for the development of integrated control measures. Methods The epidemiological data of HIV infected/AIDS patients from 1995 to 2006 in the county retrieved from the center for disease control and prevention were used for the statistical analysis. Results It was confirmed that there were a total of 7066 HIV-positive people in the county, as well as 960 cases of death. There were 5874 patients at the moment, 94.8% of which were contributed by the HIV-positive people from eight counties where blood--donation paid people concentrated. Screening had helped find the major part of the positive population, which was mainly composed of young farmers, including 3401 men and 3665 women with the male to female ratio of 1：1.08. Additionally, there were 1361 positive married couples, 1532 positive husbands and 1060 wives. A total of 88.2% people were infected by paid blood donation, 4.8% by previous blood transfusion, 2.5% by sexual transmission （mostly between spouses）, 3.9% by mother-to-child transmission, 0.01% by intravenous drug use and 0.7% by unknown transmission. Among the 960 death cases, 321 of them were reported in 2005, contributing to the highest number. There were 529 dead men and 431 dead women, the AIDS mortality being 15.6% in men and 11.8% in women with statistical difference （2,2=21.6, P〈0.001）. The mortality rates of people infected by H.IV through different transmission routes were： 15.8% by blood transfusion, 13.7% by paid blood donation, 10.6% by mother-to--child, and 8.9% by sexual contact. Conclusion The county of Henan Province is facing the grim prospect of AIDS epidemic with a variety of transmission routes coexisting and the peak of incidence reached. Moreover, the epidemic has been spreading from high-risk groups to the general population. It is highly recommended to further strengthen such AIDS prevention and control work as t