支气管肺发育不良8例患儿6年临床随访

目的 总结8例支气管肺发育不良(BPD)患儿的6年临床随访结果。 方法 对温州医学院附属育英儿童医院2004年1月至2005年12月出生的8例BPD患儿分别在1、3和6岁龄时联系来院门诊随访或以电话随访，以探讨BPD的中远期随访结局。 结果 1岁龄3例电话随访，5例来院随访；3岁龄2例电话随访，6例来院随访；6岁龄均来院随访。因肺炎或急性支气管炎反复再入院治疗：1岁以内8例22例次，~3岁3例6例次，~6岁1例次。1岁以内4例10例次出现喘息，~3岁3例6例次出现喘息，~6岁2例3例次出现喘息。6岁龄时常规肺通气功能检查5/8例(62.5%)提示小气道功能改变、轻度阻塞性通气功能障碍等；X线胸片检查显示两肺纹理增多增粗、紊乱,不规则实变影3例；毛玻璃样改变和囊泡形成3例；局限性肺气肿2例。 结论 BPD患儿1岁龄时明显增加了再次入院风险，学龄前期趋于减少，但6岁时仍有625%病例提示常规肺通气功能异常，部分病例胸部影像学为毛玻璃样改变、囊泡形成和局限性肺气肿。

Six years clinical follow-up of 8 cases with bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Objective To summarize the results of 8 cases with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) for 6 years clinical follow-up study. Methods Eight cases with BPD born at the Affiliated Yuying Children′s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College from January 2004 to December 2005 were contacted by out-patient follow-up or telephone at the age of 1, 3 and 6 years in order to explore the long-term outcome of BPD. Results Three cases of BPD children were contacted by telephone at 1 year old and 5 cases were contacted by out-patient follow-up at this age. Two cases of BPD children were contacted by telephone at 3 years old and 6 cases were contacted by out-patient follow-up at this age. Eight cases of BPD children were all contacted by out-patient follow-up at 6 years old. The re-hospitalization times were 22, 6 and 1 due to recurrent pneumonia or acute bronchitis at the age of 1, 3 and 6 years, respectively. The wheezing times were 10 (4 cases), 6 (3 cases) and 3 (2 cases) at the age of 1, 3 and 6 years, respectively. Pulmonary function tests showed abnormalities in 5 cases (62.5%), including small airway changes, mild obstructive ventilatory dysfunction, etc. Chest radiography showed ground grass opacity, vesicle formation in 3 cases, thickness or turbulence of texture in bilateral lungs, irregular opacity in 3 cases and local emphysema in 2 cases. Conclusions BPD significantly increased the risk of re-hospitalization after birth. It occurred commonly at the age of 1 year and decreased at pre-school age.Clinical follow-up at the age of 6 years found that 62.5% of the cases showed abnormal pulmonary function,and the characteristics of ground grass opacity, vesicle formation and local emphysema in chest image.