颌面部撞击伤伴发颅脑损伤的实验研究

目的 研究颌面部撞击伤合并颅脑损伤的损伤特点。方法 采用水平气动式撞击机分别以（４．７７ ± ０．５３）ｍ／ｓ、（９．１６ ± ０．６５）ｍ／ｓ和 （１３．９５±０．６７）ｍ／ｓ对兔左侧面中部进行撞击（ｎ＝６）。观察致伤后动物生命体征的变化，并对颌面部软组织、脑组织进行损伤的大体和光、电镜观察，测定致伤后６小时血清中脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）、脑组织中ＬＰＯ、超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）、一氧化氮（ＮＯ）和水的含量变化，与正常组对照。结果 形态学改变低速和中速致伤组主要以局部损伤为主，高速致伤组则同时合并颅脑损伤。兔致伤后６小时，血清中ＬＰＯ，脑组织中ＬＰＯ、ＮＯ值和水的含量显著升高，而脑组织中ＳＯＤ含量显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论 颌面部撞击伤后，增强的自由基反应参与损伤过程，局部组织内ＮＯ的生成与组织损伤的破坏程度一致，说明大量生成的ＮＯ可能是参与组织细胞损伤的重要物质。

A study on maxillofacial impact injury associated with brain injury

Objective　To study the characteristics of maxillofacial injury associated with brain injury.Methods　Eighteen rabbits were subjected to left middle face impact with different impact velocities, which were(4.77±0.53)m/s,(9.16±0.65)m/s,(13.95±0.67)m/s. Life system change during the impact period was monitored. The pathological characteristics of correlative tissues at the time of 6 hours after impact were examined in detail. The content of LPO in blood and LPO,SOD,NO in brain were measured at the same time, compared with control.Results　 The content of LPO in blood,LPO,NO in brain and cerebral water content significantly increased,but the content of SOD in brain reduced with the increase of impact velocity (P<0.01).Conclusion　Free radicals and NO are involved in the progress of tissue injury followed by maxillofacial impact injury. Production of a large quantity of NO may be an important factor to cause progressive damage of tissues.