西洋参果实及种子生长发育初步研究

目的:研究西洋参果实及种子的生长发育,揭示种胚在形态发育的停滞过程。方法:田间观察西洋参开花习性,定期取样测定果实及种子大小和干鲜重;徒手解剖、石蜡切片法观察种胚形态发育。结果:西洋参植株于首次开花后5～8 d达到最大开花数;果实及种子的形态大小和干鲜重均在果实成熟期达到最大;种胚在植株上历经球形胚、三角形胚、心形胚和鱼雷形胚期4个阶段,于开花后70 d左右发育停滞。结论:西洋参种子胚滞育始于鱼雷形胚期,这为西洋参种子形态后熟研究提供了一定依据。

Growth and development of fruit and seed of Panax quinquefolium

Objective : To understand the embryo after-ripening phenomenon of Panax quinquefolium, the growth and development process of fruit and seed was investigated in this study. Method : The growth and development characteristics of fruit and seed were obtained by field observation, the morphological changes were measured with a vernier caliper, paraffin section was used as well. Result and Conclusion : The plant reached the most flowering numbers in 5-8 d after initial blooming time and the lag phase of embryo occurred in about 70 d. The size, fresh and dry weight of fruit and seed were all reached maximum in fruit maturation period. As the result showed, the development of seed was stopped at torpedo form of embryos, this conclusion can be applied to explore the morphological after-ripening mechanism of P. quinquefolium seed.