喉癌前病变的病因、分子机制和处理策略

喉癌前病变是指临床表现具有恶变潜能的喉部病变，由多种临床表现、病理形态和生物学特性类似的疾病组成。常见喉癌前病变有喉角化症、慢性肥厚性喉炎、喉乳头状瘤等。喉癌前病变有多种致病相关因素，在其发生、发展的过程中，多种分子调节机制参与进展或影响预后。目前临床针对喉癌前病变的治疗策略，以个体化手术方案为主，预防和阻断喉癌前病变的致病因素，是临床防治工作的努力方向。

Etiology,molecular mechanisms,and treatment strategies of precancerous laryngeal lesions

Laryngeal precancerous lesions refer to several types of laryngeal lesions with malignant potential, which present with similar clinical manifestations, pathological features, and biological characteristics. Common laryngeal precancerous lesions include laryngeal keratosis, chronic hypertrophic laryngitis, papilloma of larynx, etc. There are many pathogenic factors associated with laryngeal precancerous lesions. The prognosis is dependent on where the lesion occurs and how it develops, as there are various molecular mechanisms involved in the regulative progress. The clinical treatment strategy for laryngeal precancerous lesions depends on an individualized surgical plan. Future clinical research will focus on efforts to prevent and block the pathogenic factors of laryngeal precancerous lesions.