6487名中学生艾滋病相关知识、态度调查

目的 调研我国中学生艾滋病相关知识、态度现况水平,初步评价预防艾滋病专题教育效果.方法 自编问卷调杏北京市、郑州市与唐山市24所中学的6752名学生的艾滋病相关知识、态度,回收有效问卷6487份(96.08%).组间差异比较采用X~2检验、t检验与方差分析,影响因素分析采用logistic回归,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义.结果 全体学生艾滋病知识均分14.42分(满分20分),态度均分6.47分(满分10分).唐山市中学生知识、态度水平最高(知识均分=15.11 分,态度均分=7.21分),其次为北京(知识均分=14.62分,态度均分=6.15分)、郑州(知识均分=13.56分,态度均分=6.07分),除北京与郑州态度水平差异无统计学意义外,其余差异均有统计学意义(知识得分比较:t_(唐山vs北京)=0.49,P<0.001,t_(唐山vs郑州)=1.56,P<0.001,t_(郑州vs北京)=1.07,P<0.001;态度得分比较:t_(唐山vs北京)=1.06,P<0.001,t_(唐山vs郑州)=1.14,P<0.001,t_(郑州vs北京)=0.08,P= 0.282).男生知识水平(知识均分=14.61)高于女生(知识均分=14.23,t=4.22,P<0.001),但态度差异无统计学意义(男生态度均分=6.47分,女生态度均分=6.48分,t=0.16,P=0.869).更高的知识水平(OR=1.21,P<0.001)、来自乡村(OR=1.31,P<0.001)与态度水平呈正相关,更高的年级(OR=0.85,P=0.003)与更好学习成绩(OR=0.94,P=0.003)与态度水平呈负相关.结论 我国中学生艾滋病知识面狭窄现象较明显,存在社会赞许度下的不稳定积极态度.需进一步完善专题教育工作,切实提高教育效果.

Investigation of HIV/AIDS related knowledge and attitude among 6487 high school students

Objective To investigate HIV/AIDS related knowledge and attitude among high school students in China, and to preliminarily evaluate the effects of the special HIV/AIDS prevention education programme. Methods A total of 6487 high school students from 24 high schools of Beijing,Zhengzhou and Tangshan were investigated by using questionnaire, among which,6487 students completed the questionnaire (96. 08% ). X~2 test,t test and one way ANOVA were used to test the group differences and logistic regression was employed for futher analysis. P<0.05 was considered as statistically significance. Results The mean knowledge and attitude scores of the students were separately 14. 42 out of 20 and 6. 47 out of 10. Students from Tangshan had the significantly (P<0.001) highest knowledge and attitude level (average score of knowledge = 15.11, average score of attitude=7.21) followed by Beijing( average score of knowledge = 14. 62, average score of attitude = 6.15) and Zhengzhou ( average score of knowledge = 13.56, average score of attitude=6.07). The signifieant differences were observed in all except the varying attitude between Zhengzhou and Beijing ( Knowledge comparison : t_(Tangshan vs Beijing)= 0.49, P<0.001, t_(Tangshan vs Zhengzhou)= 1.56, P<0. 001, t_(Zhengzhou vs Beijing) = 1.07, P<0.001 ; Attitude Comparison : t_(Tangshan vs Beijing)= 1.06, P<0.001, t_(Tangshan vs Zhengzhou)=1.14, P<0.001, t_(Zhengzhou vs Beijing)= 0.08, P=0.282). Boys had higher knowledge scores (average score of knowledge=14.61) than those of girls (average score of knowledge=14.23 ,t=4.22, P<0.001) but no significant difference was found (average knowledge score of boys =6.47, average knowledge score of girls=6.48, t=0.16, P=0.869 ). Higher knowledge level ( OR=1.21, P<0.001 ) and being a rural student (OR=1.31, P<0.001 ) were significantly associated with higher attitude level, while higher grade (OR=0.85, P=0.003) and better academic performance (OR=0.94, P=0.003) were negative predictors of attitude. Conclusion The HIV/AIDS related knowledge among high school students in China was relatively limited and instability positive attitude under the pressure of social desirability. It is necessary to tailor the special education strategies for further education effect improvement.