309例维吾尔族和汉族孕妇营养状况调查

目的:了解新疆地区维吾尔族和汉族孕妇膳食营养状况,及时发现存在的问题以便有针对性地提出改进建议,进行科学的膳食指导,促进母婴健康,预防妊娠合并症和胎儿畸形。方法:以在乌鲁木齐和阿图什妇幼保健院进行产检的309名维吾尔族和汉族孕妇为调查对象,采用24h回顾法进行膳食调查,结果用V1.6膳食营养计算器软件进行分析,计算出孕妇平均每人每日各种营养素摄入量,并与中国居民膳食营养素参考摄入量(DRIs)标准进行比较,进行评价及分析。结果:孕妇膳食中三大产热营养素的热能供给比例不平衡;钙、铁、硫胺素、核黄素、维生素C、维生素B12、叶酸的摄入量较低;尼克酸的摄入量较高。结论:维生素A、维生素C、维生素B1、维生素B2、铁为孕妇易缺乏的营养素。提示在这些地区应加强孕妇孕期的膳食营养指导,使孕妇合理膳食,必要时应补充孕妇营养食品或补充剂,以满足孕妇与胎儿的营养需要。

Investigation on nutritional status of 309 pregnant women of Uyghur nationality and Han nationality

Objective:To understand the nutritional status of pregnant women of Uyghur nationality and Han nationality in Xinjiang, find out existing problem in time so as to propose improving measures, adopt scientific dietary guidance, promote maternal and infant health and prevent pregnancy complications and fetal malformation.Methods:309 pregnant women of Uyghur nationality and Han nationality who received prenatal examination in Maternal and Child Health Hospitals of Urumqi and Atush were selected as study objects, and their nutritional status was investigated by 24 hours review method, the results were analyzed by V1.6 dietary nutrition calculator, the daily intake amounts of various kinds of nutrients per capita on average were calculated, then the results were compared with dietary reference intakes application dietary assessment (DRIs) and evaluated, analyzed.Results:The proportions of heat energy supply from three major nutrients were unbalanced in pregnant women; the intake amounts of calcium, iron, thiamin, lactochrome, vitamin C, vitamin B12 and folic acid were low; the intake amount of niacin was high.Conclusion:Vitamin A, C, B1, B2 and iron are nutrients that pregnant women are easy to lack, it is important to enhance dietary and nutritional guidance, reasonable diet, supply nutritional foods and supplement in order to satisfy the nutritional demands of pregnant woman and fetuses.