早期干预对产后尿潴留患者近期尿失禁发病的影响

目的:探讨早期干预对产后尿潴留患者近期尿失禁发病的影响。方法:选择2007年1月~2008年12月住院分娩后被确诊为产后尿潴留患者196例,根据患者是否接受盆底肌肉锻炼+电刺激生物反馈早期干预分为3组,未干预组(A组)、未规范干预组(B组)、规范干预组(C组),同期无产后尿潴留193例产妇为对照组(D组),观察产后3个月、6个月及12个月时各组产后尿失禁的发生率。结果:①产后尿失禁的发生率在产后总体呈下降趋势。②在产后3个月时,A组尿失禁的发生率为48.72%(38/78),B、C、D组发病率分别为28.13%(18/64)、25.93%(14/54)和18.65%(36/193),A组发病率与其他3组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);产后6个月时,A组发生率(30.77%,24/78)仅与D组(13.47%,26/193)相比时,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);产后1年时,4组的发病率分别为23.08%(18/78)、17.19%(11/64)、3.70%(2/54)和11.92%(23/193),A组与C组及D组、B组与C组相比,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:对产后尿潴留患者进行早期规范干预,可有效预防产后近期尿失禁发生。

Effect of early intervention on short-term incidence of urinary incontinence in patients with postpartum urinary retention

Objective:To explore the effect of early intervention on short-term incidence of urinary incontinence in patients with postpartum urinary retention.Methods:196 cases delivering and diagnosed as postpartum urinary retention in the hospital from January 2007 to December 2008 were selected and divided into three groups according to acceptance of early intervention(pelvic floor muscle exercise and electrical stimulation biofeedback): non-intervention group(group A),non-routine intervention group(group B) and intervention group(group C),193 cases without postpartum urinary retention were selected as control group(group D),the incidences of urinary incontinence in the 4 groups were observed at 3,6 and 12 months after birth.Results:The incidence of postpartum urinary retention showed a downward trend after birth;the incidence of postpartum urinary retention at 3 months after birth in group A was 48.72%(38/78),which was significantly higher than those in group B(28.13%(18/64)),group C(25.93%(14/54)) and group D(18.65%(36/193))(P<0.05).There was significant difference in incidence of postpartum urinary retention between group A(30.77%(24/78)) and group D(13.47%(26/193)) at 6 months after birth(P<0.05);at one year after birth,the incidences of postpartum urinary retention in the four groups were 23.08%(18/78),17.19%(11/64),3.7%(2/54) and 11.92%(23/193),respectively,there was significant difference between group A and group C,group D;and there was also significant difference between group B and group C(P<0.05).Conclusion:For the cases with postpartum urinary retention,early routine intervention may markedly decrease the incidence of short-term postpartum urinary incontinence.