公众对“疑似乙肝疫苗致死事件”知晓情况及对调查结果信任度的调查分析

目的 为了解公众对“疑似乙肝疫苗致死事件”知晓情况及对调查结果的信任状况,分析其知晓率、知晓途径以及对调查结果信任度的人口社会学特征,为采取有针对性的干预措施、快速提振公众信心提供依据.方法 调查人员以进单位或入户的形式,现场发放调查问卷,调查对象在知情自愿的情况下匿名自主答卷以获取相关信息.结果 调查对象对“疑似乙肝疫苗事件”的知晓率、知晓途径和对调查结果的信任度因人口社会学特征不同而存在差异：事件知晓率基本上随调查对象居住地级别和受教育程度的提高而上升,有医学知识背景的调查对象的知晓率高于其他职业,工作人员的知晓率普遍高于非工作人员,农民、学生和家中待业者知晓率最低;知晓途径以电视最多,占53.53％,其次是网络,占23.56％;同意“接种的乙肝疫苗是合格的”及“死亡与接种疫苗无关”的调查对象分别占53.80％和48.82％,不同意者分别占12.58％和20.17％,半信半疑者分别占33.62％和31.00％;同意及不同意调查结果的调查对象比例基本上随居住地级别的上升而下降,而半信半疑则相反;有医学知识背景的调查对象职业高于其他职业;预防接种人员对两项调查结果的同意率分别为59.92％和55.64％,同意“接种乙肝疫苗是合格”者随着受教育程度的提高而明显上升,但大专和本科及以上文化程度同意“死亡与接种疫苗无关”者的比例又有所下降.结论 公众对调查结果的低信任度,一时之间难以改变其对接种疫苗的恐惧和担心,也必然导致接种率的下降从而影响传染病防控成果.结合调查对象对事件知晓的人口社会学特征,卫生、媒体及相关行业人员急需在有利政策的保障下共同努力,采取科学的干预措施,快速提振公众信心,以便尽快减小事件造成的不良影响,巩固、促进来之不易的成果.

Investigation and Analysis on the Status of Public Awareness of "Suspected Hepatitis B Vaccine Deaths" and Trust of the Survey Result

OBJECTIVE In order to take targeted intervention measures and boost public confidence quickly on the basis of understanding the status of public awareness of ＂Suspected Hepatitis B Vaccine Deaths＂ and trust of the survey and analysis of the population characteristics of sociology. METHODS Investigators obtain the relevant information by on-site questionnaires in the form of into the unit or household, the respondents fill in questionnaires under the voluntary anonymous and autonomous condition. RESULTS There were differences among the characteristics of different demographic sociology in the awareness of ＂Suspected Hepatitis B Vaccine Deaths＂ and trust of the survey： the awareness level of the Event increase basically with the rise of the level of settlements and education, professional with medical knowledge background was higher than other professions, the staff was generally higher than that of non-working personnel, farmers, students, and the job hunters in the home were lowest average awareness; know way to TV was the highest （53.53%）; followed by network, accounted for 23.56%; agreement to hepatitis B vaccine qualified and death has nothing to do with the vaccination were 53.80% and 48.82% respectively, disagreement were 12.58% and 20.17% respectively, a grain of sah were 33.62% and 31.00% respectively, agreement and disagreement with the results of the survey falls basically with the living level rises, but a grain of salt rises on the other hand; professional with medical knowledge background was higher than other professions, vaccination personnel agree with the result of the two surveys rate were 59.92% and 55.64% respectively, agreement with hepatitis B qualified increase with the increased of the degree of education, but agreement that death has nothing to do with the vaccination descended in college or bachelor＇ s degree of culture. CONCLUSIONS It was difficult to change the public＇ s fear and worry of vaccination because of the low credibility of the survey, which inevitably led to