上海市卢湾区1991～2004年婴儿死亡率动态分析

目的监测上海市卢湾区婴儿死亡的变化趋势,观察婴儿死亡率对平均期望寿命的影响,并采取相应措施降低婴儿死亡率。方法对卢湾区1991～2004年出生的21000名活产婴儿以及同期死亡的175名婴儿的死亡资料以动态数列的方法分析。结果婴儿死亡率从1991年的12.40‰下降至2004年的4.05‰,下降速度为67.34%;新生儿死亡率从10.33‰下降至1.62‰,下降速度为84.32%,受之影响卢湾区人均期望寿命也呈逐年上升。婴儿死亡的前四位主要死因分别为先天异常、产伤和窒息、早产儿和未成熟儿、肺炎。结论随着卢湾区医疗事业的发展,婴儿死亡率显著降低。为降低婴儿死亡率,提高平均期望寿命,现阶段应以加强出生缺陷监测工作和提倡围产期保健作为工作重点。

Dynamic Analysis on the Infant Mortality Rate from 1991 to 2004 in Luwan District of Shanghai Municipality

Objective This Study was conducted to do surveillance of the trend of infant mortality in Luwan district of Shanghai municipality and to observe the influence of infant mortality rate on the average life expectancy so as to take corresponding strategies to cut down the rate . Methods Dynamic series analysis was done on the data of 21000 infants born live between 1999 and 2004 and 175 infants that died during the same period. Results The infant mortality rate declined from 12.40%o in 1999 to 4.05%o in 2004 with a dropping rate of 67.34%, and the newborn mortality rate decreased from 10.33%o to 1.62%o with a dropping rate of 84.32%. Correspondingly, the average life expectancy in the district was increasing year by year. The top 4 causes of infant death were congenital abnormalities, birth injuries and asphyxias, premature infants and pneumonia. Conclusion The infant mortality rate has declined dramatically with the development of the medical care in our district. Now emphasis should be placed on strengthening the surveillance of birth defects and advocating perinatal health care in order to further decrease the infant mobility rate and lengthen average life expectancy.