早产儿微量元素、维生素水平与其生长指标的相关性分析及其临床意义

目的：分析早产儿微量元素、维生素水平与其生长指标的相关性,并探讨其临床意义。方法：将2018年1月至2019年6月入住于我院的230例早产儿作为研究对象,并选择230例同期于我院出生的足月新生儿作为对照,对比两组新生儿静脉血微量元素钙(Ca)、镁(Mg)、锌(Zn)、铁(Fe)、铜(Cu)水平和维生素A、25羟基维生素D25-(OH)D]、维生素E水平,并比较两组新生儿头围、出生体重、身长等生长参数,分析早产儿微量元素、维生素水平与生长参数相关性。结果：早产儿Ca、Mg、Zn、Fe、Cu水平均低于足月新生儿(P<0.05)；早产儿维生素A、25-(OH)D和维生素E水平均低于足月新生儿(P<0.05)；早产儿头围、出生体重和身长均小于足月新生儿(P<0.05)；早产儿Ca、Mg、Zn、Fe水平与其出生体重均呈正相关(P<0.05),Ca、Zn均与身长呈正相关(P<0.05),25-(OH) D水平与其头围和出生体重均呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论：早产儿微量元素Ca、Mg、Zn、Fe水平出生体重具有相关性,维生素D与头围和出生体重也有密切关系,早期补充这些微量元素和维生素对促进早产儿生长发育具有重要意义。

Correlation between trace elements, vitamins levels and growth indexes in premature infants and their clinical significance

Objective: To analyze correlation between trace elements, vitamins levels and growth indexes in premature infants, and explore their clinical significance. Methods: 230 premature infants admitted to the hospital from January 2018 to June 2019 were selected as study subjects, and 230 full-term newborns born in the hospital during the same period were selected as control. The levels of trace elements calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn), ferri (Fe), and cuprum (Cu) in venous blood, levels of vitamin A, 25 hydroxyvitamin D 25-(OH) D] and vitamin E were compared between the two groups. Growth parameters such as neonatal head circumference, birth weight and height were compared between the two groups. The correlation between levels of trace elements and vitamins in premature infants and growth parameters was analyzed. Results: The levels of Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe and Cu in preterm infants were lower than those in full-term newborns (P<0.05). The levels of vitamin A, 25-(OH) D and vitamin E in premature infants were lower than those in full-term newborns (P<0.05). The head circumference, birth weight and height of premature infants were smaller than those of full-term newborns (P<0.05). Levels of Ca, Mg, Zn and Fe in preterm infants were positively correlated with their birth weight (P<0.05), Ca and Zn were positively correlated with height (P<0.05). The level of 25-(OH) D was positively correlated with head circumference and birth weight (P<0.05). Conclusion: The levels of trace elements Ca, Mg, Zn and Fe in preterm infants are related to birth weight. Vitamin D and head circumference are also closely related to birth weight. Early supplementation of these trace elements and vitamins is of great significance to promote growth and development of preterm infants.