伏马菌素与黄曲霉毒素对SD大鼠联合毒性的研究

目的探讨伏马菌素 B_1(fumonisin B_1,FB_1)和黄曲霉毒素 B_1(aflatoxin B_1,AFB_1)对SD 大鼠的联合毒性作用。方法雄性 SD 大鼠按体重分为5组,每组12只,分别灌胃给予受试物(100μg/kg bw FB_1、100μg/kg bw AFB_1、100μg/kg bw FB_1+100μg/kg bw AFB_1、50μg/kg bw FB_1+50μg/kg bw AFB_1、蒸馏水),连续灌胃30d,观察动物的生长发育、食物利用情况、血液学、血生化指标及脏器组织病理学的改变情况。结果实验结束时100μg/kg bw FB_1+100μg/kg bw AFB_1组体重增重为(164.9±19.8)g,食物利用率为(25.3±1.6)%,低于实验对照组体重增重为(203.7±17.1)g,食物利用率为(28.1±1.2)%,也低于其余各实验组(P<0.05),而其余各染毒组与实验对照组间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);各实验组动物肝功能指标血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、γ-谷氨酰胺转移酶(γ-GT)水平升高,且 FB_1+AFB_1组的升高程度较单独给予 FB_1和 AFB_1严重;同时 FB_1+AFB_1高剂量组动物肝脏、肾脏重量降低,肝脏出现明显病理变化,血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力降低,丙二醛(MDA)水平升高等。结论两种真菌毒素存在联合毒性作用。本研究结果为进一步探讨两种真菌毒素同时暴露对人群健康的危害与联合作用。

The combined toxity of two kinds of mycotoxin in Sprague-Dawley rats

OBJECTIVE: To study the combined toxic effects of fumonisin B(1) (FB(1)) and aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)) on Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. METHOD: All 60 SD male rats were divided into five groups randomly according to the body weight (12 every group). They were given FB(1) (100 microg/kg bw), AFB(1) (100 microg/kg bw), FB(1) plus AFB(1) (100 microg/kg bw respectively), FB(1) plus AFB(1) (50 microg/kg bw respectively) and distilled water respectively by gavage. The experiment persisted 30 days to observe the changes of growth and development, the food used rate, the haematological indexes, the blood biochemical indexes and the viscera histopathology. RESULTS: At the end of the experiment, the mean body weight increased in the FB(1) plus AFB(1) (100 microg/kg bw respectively) group was (164.9 +/- 19.8) g and the mean body weight increased in the control group was (203.7 +/- 17.1) g. And the food used rate in the FB(1) plus AFB(1) (100 microg/kg bw respectively) group was (25.3 +/- 1.6)% and the food used rate in the control group was (28.1 +/- 1.2)%. There were significant differences in the mean body weight increased and the food used rate between the FB(1) plus AFB(1) (100 microg/kg bw respectively) group and the control group (P < 0.05). While there were no significant differences of body weights and food used rates between controls and AFB(1), FB(1), and low dose AFB(1) + FB(1) groups (P > 0.05). The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutaminetransferase (gamma-GT) in serum of all of the treatment groups were increased, but the increasing extent was severe in the AFB(1) + FB(1) high dose group. At the same time the liver weight and kidney weight were decreased and the liver occurred with the remarkable histopathological lesions in the AFB(1) + FB(1) high dose group. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in serum was decreased and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum was elevated in treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS: The combined toxic effects of AFB(1) and FB(1) existed in male SD rats. Our results provided the basic data for studying the combined effects on human exposed to these two mycotoxin at the same time.