青光眼视神经保护研究进展

青光眼是以视网膜神经节细胞进行性死亡为特征的一类疾病，其病理学机制包括慢性缺血、氧自由基损害、谷氨酸兴奋性毒素导致神经变性、轴突运输障碍、神经营养因子缺乏、电活动消失等。临床上主要通过降眼压治疗青光眼，但往往有一部分患者控制眼压后仍不能有效减少视网膜神经节细胞的死亡。因此，合理的青光眼治疗应包括视神经保护，本文就近几年青光眼视神经保护治疗的研究进展作一综述。

Recent advances in glaucoma neuroprotection

Glaucoma is a disease characterized by progressive death of retinal ganglion cells. Many factors are included in the pathology mechanism of retinal ganglion cells death , such as chronic ischemia, damage of oxygen free radical.neurodegeneration caused by exitotoxicity of glutamic acid , barrier of axonal transport, lack of neurotrophic factors and disappearance of electrical activity. Reducing intraocular pressure is the main clinical therapy for glaucoma.but the death of retinal ganglion cells couldn ’ t be reduced effectively. Therefore ,protection of optic nerve should be included in its treatment. This article reviews the development of neuroprotection in glaucoma in recent years.