经髋动力螺钉侧孔注入骨水泥强化技术治疗高龄不稳定型转子间骨折

目的 观察经动力髋螺钉(DHS)侧孔注入骨水泥强化固定技术治疗高龄骨质疏松性不稳定型股骨转子间骨折的疗效. 方法 2006年1月～2007年12月收治高龄骨质疏松性不稳定型股骨转子间骨折15例,均采用带侧孔 DHS固定和经DHS侧孔注入甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)骨水泥的加强技术治疗.术后观察早期活动能力及手术并发症的发生情况,随访至骨折愈合,按照Harris标准评价手术治疗效果. 结果 手术时间、出血量等手术创伤指标与单纯DHS手术相同;所有患者术后2～3 d即行髋关节屈伸锻炼和完全坐起,6例患者术后1周可利用助行器锻炼行走功能,围术期未发生卧床和PMMA方面的并发症;骨折于术后3～6个月愈合,随访期间未出现内固定松动、切割破坏股骨头等并发症.术后半年14例患者恢复到手术前的生活能力,Harris评分:优4例,良10例,中1例,平均83分. 结论 采用DHS固定和经DHS侧孔注入PMMA的加强技术治疗可增强DHS在股骨头中的固定强度,且手术创伤小,固定可靠,可以早期功能锻炼,适合高龄骨质疏松性不稳定型股骨转子间骨折患者.

Treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fracture with augmentation technique injected with PMMA through lateral holes of dynamical hip screw

Objective To observe curative effects of augmentation fixation technique injected with PMMA through lateral holes of dynamical hip screw (DHS) in treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fracture of senile osteoporotic patients. Methods From January 2006 to December 2007,15 senile osteoporotic inpatients with unstable femoral intertrochanteric fracture were treated with augmentation technique injected with PMMA to the femoral head through central channel and lateral holes of DHS. Clinical data about function of hip joint and complications early after operation were observed. All patients were followed up till fractures were healed, when the hip joint function was evaluated according to Harris standarch. Results Surgical trauma indices such as operation time and bleeding volume of augmentation technique were the same as those of merely DHS fixation. All the patients could safely do hip flexion and extension exercises in the bed and completely sit up by bedside 2-3 days after operation. Six patients could do walking exercise with aid one week after operation, with no complications relating to staying in bed or to PMMA during per-operation period. All fractures were healed 3-6 months after operation, without complications like fixation loosening, cut or destruction of femoral head during postoperative follow-up period. Six months after operation, 14 patients recovered viability to normal. According to Harris standards, the results were excellent in four patients, good in 10 and fair in one, with average Harris score of 83 points. Conclusions The augmentation fixation technique injected with PMMA through lateral holes of DHS has advantages of better DHS anchoring ability in femoral heads, less surgical trauma, reliable fixation and early functional exercise and is suitable for senile osteoporotic patients with unstable intertrochanteric fractures.