外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病临床特征和抗真菌药物敏感性研究

目的：探讨外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病（VVC）的临床特征和抗真菌药物敏感性。方法：对1120例VVC患者进行临床特征分析，阴道分泌物标本采集、真菌培养及体外药敏实验。结果：单纯型VVC占36．79％，重度VVC占37．77％，RVVC占14．38％，非白假丝酵母菌VVC占11．07％。重度VVC的特征最为严重（P均=0．000），以白假丝酵母菌最多见（P=0．000）。抗菌药物的敏感性依次为制霉菌素、克霉唑、氟康唑、伊曲康唑、益康唑、咪康唑及酮康唑，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论：白假丝酵母菌是VVC主要的病原体，复杂型VVC临床较为常见且临床特征较单纯型VVC严重。白假丝酵母菌对唑类抗真菌药物仍有较高敏感性，制霉菌素、克霉唑抗真菌敏感性较高，可以供临床治疗选用。

Clinical characteristics of VVC and susceptibility of antifungal drugs

Objectives： To investigate clinical characteristics and the antifungal susceptibility of vulvovaginal candidiasis. （VVC）. Methods： The clinical characteristics of 1120 ~~C patients were analyzed, and the vaginal secretions specimen collec- tion, fungal culture and in vitro susceptibility test were also peformed. Results： Simple VVC accounted for 36. 79% of all the participants, severe VVC accounted for 37.77%, RVVC accounted for 14. 38% and non- Candida albicans accounted for 11.07% . Among them, characteristics of severe VVC were the most serious （P = 0. 000）. Candida albicans accounted for the biggest part. （P = 0. 000）. Antimicrobial susceptibility decreased from nystatin, clotrimazole, fluconazole, itraconazole, econ- azole, miconazole, to ketoconazole, with statistically significant difference（ P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusions： Candida albicans is a major pathogen of VVC. Complex VVC, with more serious features, is more common than simple VVC clinically. Candida albicans has high antifungal drug sensitivity, and nystatin, clotrimazole antifungal grams is also of high sensitivity, which can be used in clini- cal treatment.