饮食铜负荷饲养对兔肝肾的影响

目的用饮食铜负荷实验探讨铜对新西兰兔肝肾的影响。方法16只新西兰兔分为4组,对照组(第1组)给予正常饲料,每天每公斤体重120 g,铜负荷组(第2,3,4组)分别给予含铜的饲料,剂量依次为每天每公斤体重0.1 mg,1.0 mg和10.0 mg,其余饲料用正常饲料补足。每周测量体重1次,每10 d抽晨血1次查血清谷丙转氨酶(alanine aminotransferases, ALT)及血清铜,每半个月肝穿刺查肝组织铜1次,并做肝组织HE染色光镜下检查。实验结束时,空气注射处死动物,取肝、肾组织块后作病理及铜含量检查。结果4个月培养期内,实验组血清ALT及血清铜与对照组相比差异无显著性,但组织铜随着铜饲料含铜量的增加而增加,实验组肝脏铜含量与对照组相比差异有显著性(P <0.05)。肾脏铜含量中,第4组与第1组相比差异有显著性(P <0.05)。病理检查中,第2,3组肝脏病理改变不明显,第4组有较明显的坏死病变。结论新西兰兔对饮食铜的耐受性较好,较大剂量、较长时间服用有较好的安全性,可用于铜实验动物模型的建立。

Effect of copper loading dietary on liver and kidney of New Zealand rabbits

Objective: to study the effect of dietary copper overload on liver and kidney of New Zealand rabbit. Methods: 16 rabbits were divided as 4 groups. The control group was fed normal diet, and the copper overload dietary rabbits were given copper-loaded diet, 0.1 mg, 1 mg, and 10 mg, per kilogram weight per day. The rabbits were taken weight every week, taken blood for serum alamine aminotransferase and copper concentration every ten days, taken liver biopsy for liver copper detection and pathology. At the end of experiment, all rabbits were killed by injecting air from their ear vein. The tissues of their liver and kidney were taken for pathology and the concentration of copper. All data were analyzed by SPSS 10.0. Results: There is not statistical significance in serum alamine aminotransferase and copper concentration between experimental groups and control group during the course of the experiment, but copper concentration in tissues were increased companying with the increased diet copper loading. The copper concentrations of liver and kidney increased significantly compared to the controls. There are not distinct pathologic changes in control rabbits and low copper dietary loading groups, but with the copper loading increased, the necroses in liver were serious. Conclusions: New Zealand rabbits have a good endurance to copper loading dietary. They can be used to establish the animal model of copper dietary overload.