普伐他汀对兔腹主动脉易损斑块内细胞凋亡影响的研究

目的 探讨普伐他汀对兔动脉粥样硬化易损斑块内细胞凋亡的影响.方法 新西兰大白兔30只,随机分为三组,均通过动脉内膜损伤术加高脂饮食形成动脉粥样硬化斑块.术后一组给予高脂饮食（对照组）,另一组给予高脂饮食加普伐他汀（普伐他汀1组,P1组）,第三组术后2个月内给予高脂饮食,第3个月起加普伐他汀（普伐他汀2组,P2组）,三组均通过超声检测斑块形成情况,测量内中膜厚度（IMT）.饲养4个月后处死兔子,取易损斑块,通过TUNEL法检测斑块细胞凋亡情况.结果 兔腹主动脉IMT逐渐增厚,术后1个月后普伐他汀组明显小于高脂饮食组（P＜0.01）;细胞凋亡在高脂饮食组中的表达,集中在脂核区和纤维帽区,明显高于其他两区（P＜0.01,P＜0.01）;普伐他汀组凋亡细胞主要在脂核区,明显大于其他三区（P＜0.01）;两组比较细胞凋亡在纤维帽区,普伐他汀2组明显小于高脂饮食组（P＜0.01）.结论 IMT与动脉粥样硬化程度高度相关,普伐他汀能通过减少纤维帽区的细胞凋亡而稳定斑块.

Study of effect of pravastatin on apoptosis in vulnerable plaques in abdominal aorta in model rabbits

Objective To explore the effect of pravastatin on apoptosis in vulnerable plaques in abdominal aorta in model rabbits. Methods 30 New Zealand rabbits randomly divided into two groups were made as atherosclerosis plaques by a diet of high cholesterol and balloon-induced abdominal aorta wall injury. The rabbits were given a diet of high cholesterol as control group, the others were given a diet of high cholesterol and pravastatin as pravastatin group. The intima-media thickness (IMT) and the atherosclerosis plaques were measured with ultrasound imaging. The rabbits were killed 4 months after feeding to obtain the vulnerary plaques to detect the plaque apoptosis by TUNEL.Results The abdominal aorta IMT gradually increased, but that in pravastatin group were significantly smaller than that in control 1 month after operation (P<0.01). The apoptosis expressions in control group were mainly in lipid-rich core and fibrous cap, higher than that in other two areas (P<0.01). The apoptosis expressions focused on lipid-rich core, higher than that in other three areas (P<0.01), and that in fibrous cap in pravastatin group were lower than that in control (P<0.01).Conclusions IMT could be significantly related to degree of atherosclerosis, pravastatin could level off plaque through decreasing apoptosis in fibrous cap.