饮食能量对Kkay及Kk小鼠2型糖尿病发病的影响

目的：观察饮食能量对Kkay及Kk小鼠2型糖尿病发病的影响。方法：16—20周龄Kkay小鼠、Kk小鼠和C57BL／6小鼠随机分两组，分别进行高能量饮食(A)和一般饮食喂养(B)，分别于试验0和4周观察随机血糖等；对另一组A饮食喂养后血糖正常Kkay鼠、Kk鼠和C57BL／6鼠进行了口服葡萄糖耐量(OGTT)试验；另经A饮食喂养4周后Kkay鼠、Kk鼠和C57BL／6鼠，进行B饮食喂养8周后，测随机血糖和体重。实验结束时留取胰腺标本。结果：三种鼠A饮食后体重都有增加，Kkay小鼠糖尿病发病数(6／8)高于Kk小鼠(3／8)。OGTT试验示，Kkay鼠的血糖曲线峰值高于正常，但没有出现明显延迟，Kk鼠的血糖曲线明显增高，而且出现反应延迟；OGTT试验在血糖正常的8只Kkay鼠发现3例(37．5％)糖尿病鼠、在7例Kk鼠发现5例(71．4％)。A饮食鼠限食8周后，体重均有明显降低，Kkay和Kk鼠血糖明显降低，而C57BL／6鼠血糖无明显变化。A饮食后。Kkay和Kk小鼠的胰岛体积明显增大，细胞增生、肥大，限食后胰岛体积有所减小，但仍明显大于正常。结论：高能量饮食可使Kkay和Kk小鼠的血糖和糖尿病发病率明显增加，可使胰岛体积明显增大，限食后血糖又明显降低，胰岛体积有所减小；Kkay和Kk小鼠对OGTT试验的反应异常，尤其是Kk小鼠。

The effects on glucose levels in Kkay and Kk mice by high-caloric diet

Objective:To observe the effects of high-caloric diet on type 2 diabetes in Kkay and Kk mice. Methods:Kkay, Kk and C57BL/6 mice were randomly distributed into high-caloric (A) or routine diet (B) group, and the glucose levels were tested in the week 0 and week 4 of experiment. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed in mice with normal glucose after high-caloric diet. Another group mice on high-caloric diet for 4 weeks were fed on food B for 8 weeks to observe the change of glucose. In the end of each experiment the pathological changes of islets were observed. Results:Compared with food B group, food A group of Kkay and Kk mice had higher glucose level, prevalence of diabetes and weight gain, while C57 mice of food A group got weight gain to some certain but no increase of glucose level. OGTT showed that there was a higher glucose curve peak in Kkay mice while a delayed higher glucose curve peak in Kk mice. And another 3/8 (37.5%) diabetic Kkay mice and 5/7 (71.43%) Kk mice with normal routine glucose were diagnosed by OGTT. After 8 weeks of routine food to food A group, glucose levels of Kkay and Kk mice decreased obviously compared with C57 mice although all of the three kinds mice had a weight loss. Pathological analysis showed that the pancreatic islet size of Kkay and Kk mice on high energy were very large due to hyperplasia and hypertrophy of B-cells, which was partly relieved after dietary restriction.Conclusions:High-caloric diet could increase the glucose level,the prevalence of diabetes and pancreatic islet size of Kkay and Kk mice, which can be relieved by dietary restriction; Kkay and Kk mice had abnormal response to OGTT, especially the latter.