1996-2005年青海省鼠疫流行病学分析

目的探讨青海省近10年鼠疫流行势态,为制定预防控制对策提供依据。方法采用回顾性分析方法,对1996-2005年青海省鼠疫监测和鼠疫自然疫源地调查资料进行分析。结果称多县存在青海田鼠鼠疫自然疫源地;喜马拉雅旱獭鼠疫自然疫源地近10年动物鼠疫流行猛烈,主要分布在海西西部和青南高原,流行季节为每年的5～11月,高峰期为6～9月;人间鼠疫的流行期在每年的5～10月,高峰期为8～10月,鼠疫临床分型以肺型居多,约占41．86％,腺型为37.21％,败血型为18．61％。但首发病例仍以腺鼠疫居多,人间病例的消长与捕猎旱獭活动的时间有关。结论青海省近10年动物鼠疫和人间鼠疫有上升的趋势。

Plague of Qinghai and its epidemic analyse from 1996 to 2005

Objective To explore the plague prevalent trend in recent ten years in Qinghai Province in order to provide basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods Materials collected from surveillance on plague and investigation on the nature plague focus were retrospectively analyzed in Qinghai Province from 1996 to 2005. Results It was first found that the nature plague focus of micritus existed in Chengduo County. The animal plague spread vigorously in recent ten years in nature Himalayana plague focus, mainly distributing in the west of Haixi and the Qingnan Plateau from May to November, peaking from June through September. The human plague usually happened in May through October, especially in May through October. The fluctuating occurrence of human plague was interrelated with the time of Himalayana hunting. Pneumonic plague, being the most frequently seen clinical cases, accounted for 41.86%, Bubonica plague 37.21%, Septicemic plague 18.61%. However, most onset cases were still of bubonica plague. Conclusion Recently, the trend of the prevalence of plague was rising up gradually in the Qinghai Province.