医学院校大学生心理症状两年随访研究

目的:了解医学院校大学生2年新出现心理症状的检出率及影响因素。方法:选取某医科院校大一全体新生2910人,用大学生人格问卷(UPI)对其中心理症状阴性的大学生(n=2376)进行大三后测,采用自编人口学问卷、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、自杀行为问卷(SBQ-R)、家庭功能量表(APGAR)、心理复原力量表(ERS)、痛苦表露指数(DDI)评估心理症状的相关因素。结果:大三心理症状阳性率为15.3%。Logistic回归结果显示,女性(OR=1.60,95%CI:1.22～2.10)、精神疾病家族史(OR=1.83,95%CI:1.11～3.02)、熟人自杀史(OR=1.52,95%CI:1.01～2.28)心理咨询史(OR=2.63,95%CI:1.50～4.62)及SBQ-R得分越高(OR=1.15,95%CI:1.05～1.25)是医学院校大学生心理症状阴性转阳性的危险因素,而DDI得分越高是其保护因素(OR=0.98,95%CI:0.96～0.99)。结论:医学院校大学生入学2年后超过15%的人新出现心理症状,对有精神疾病家族史、熟人自杀史、心理咨询史、高自杀风险及低自我表露程度的学...

A two-year follow-up study of the psychological symptoms in medical students

Objective:To understand the epidemiological situation of medical students'psychological symp­toms converted from negative to positive and its related factors during the two yeas from freshman to junior.Methods:A total of 2910 freshmen from a medical college were selected,and 2376 students with negative psychological symptoms were assessed with the University Personality Inventory(UPI).The post-test was conduc­ted after two yeas and the related factors of psychological symptoms were assessed with the self-made demographic sociology survey,Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS),Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised(SBQ-R),Adap­tation Partnership Growth Affection Resolve(APGAR),Ego Resilience Scale(ERS),and Distress Disclosure Index(DDI).Results:The positive rate of psychological symptoms in junior year was 15.3%among freshmen.The re­sults of logistic regression analysis showed that female(OR=1.60,95%CI:1.22-2.10),family history of mental illness(OR=1.83,95%CI:1.11-3.02),exposure to suicide events involving acquaintances(OR=1.52,95%Cl:1.01-2.28),seeking professional psychological counseling before school(OR=2.63,95%CI:1.50-4.62),sui­cide risk(OR=1.15,95%CI:1.05-1.25)were risk factors which converted the negative psychological symptoms into positive among medical students,while the high level of self-disclosure(OR=0.98,95%CI:0.96-0.99)was protect factors.Conclusion:After two years of admission,more than 15%of medical students have psychological symptoms.More attention and targeted measures should be taken to students who have family history of mental ill­ness,exposure to suicide events involving acquaintances,experience of seeking professional psychological counse­ling before entering the school,higher suicidal risk and lower degree of distress,especially female students.