Reconstructive dosimetry for cutaneous radiation syndrome |
| |
Authors: | CMA Lima AR Lima ?L Degenhardt NJ Valverde FCA Da Silva |
| |
Institution: | 1.Instituto de Radioproteção e Dosimetria, IRD/CNEN, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil;2.Fundação Eletronuclear de Assistência Médica, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil |
| |
Abstract: | According to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), a relatively significant
number of radiological accidents have occurred in recent years mainly because of the
practices referred to as potentially high-risk activities, such as radiotherapy,
large irradiators and industrial radiography, especially in gammagraphy assays. In
some instances, severe injuries have occurred in exposed persons due to high
radiation doses. In industrial radiography, 80 cases involving a total of 120
radiation workers, 110 members of the public including 12 deaths have been recorded
up to 2014. Radiological accidents in industrial practices in Brazil have mainly
resulted in development of cutaneous radiation syndrome (CRS) in hands and fingers.
Brazilian data include 5 serious cases related to industrial gammagraphy, affecting 7
radiation workers and 19 members of the public; however, none of them were fatal.
Some methods of reconstructive dosimetry have been used to estimate the radiation
dose to assist in prescribing medical treatment. The type and development of
cutaneous manifestations in the exposed areas of a person is the first achievable
gross dose estimation. This review article presents the state-of-the-art
reconstructive dosimetry methods enabling estimation of local radiation doses and
provides guidelines for medical handling of the exposed individuals. The review also
presents the Chilean and Brazilian radiological accident cases to highlight the
importance of reconstructive dosimetry. |
| |
Keywords: | Radiological accident Radiation injury Cutaneous radiation syndrome Reconstructive dosimetry Industrial radiography Monte Carlo method |
|
|