上海市金山区农村脑卒中患者危险因素现况调查

目的通过对上海市金山区农村脑卒中患者的调查,以发现并分析金山区农村脑卒中患者主要暴露的危险因素。方法随机抽取金山区3个社区的现患脑卒中患者进行问卷调查,同时进行血压、身高、体重和腰围的测量以及血生化检查,运用卡方检验、方差分析等统计学方法对数据结果进行统计分析。结果调查305名脑卒中患者中,文化程度小学及以下占80.33%。脑卒中主要诱因是劳累,高血压、中心性肥胖、超重或肥胖、缺乏体力活动和吸烟的暴露率较高,分别为73.44%、70.16%、53.44%、46.56%和43.93%,高血压、中心性肥胖、吸烟、过量饮酒和情绪易激动的暴露率男女间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;平均空腹血糖为（6.8±2.7）mmol/L,平均甘油三酯为（1.34±0.68）mmol/L,平均总胆固醇为（5.10±1.10）mmol/L,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇为（1.32±0.30）mmol/L,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇为（2.75±0.90）mmol/L。结论农村地区脑卒中患者主要以老年人为主,文化程度较低,高血压、超重或肥胖、缺乏体力活动、吸烟、糖尿病、心脏疾病、血脂异常是引起金山区农村居民发生脑卒中的主要危险因素。

Prevalence survey of patients with risk factors for stroke in rural area of Jinshan District of Shanghai CIty

Objective]To investigate the stroke patients,so as to identify and analyze the main risk factors for exposure in rural area of Jinshan District of Shanghai City.Methods]The stroke patients were randomly selected and conducted a questionnaire survey in 3 communities of Jinshan District. These patients received blood biochemical measurements and detection of blood pressure,height,weight and waist circumference. The statistical methods of chi-square test,analysis of variance were applied to analyze the results.Results]Of 305 stroke patients,80. 33% had primary and lower education. The main incentive was tired. The exposure rates of hypertension,high central obesity,overweight or obesity,lack of physical activity and smoking were higher,accounting for73. 44%,70. 16%,53. 44%,46. 56% and 43. 93% respectively. There were differences between male and female in hypertension,central obesity,smoking,excessive alcohol consumption and emotional irritability（ P〈0. 05）. The mean fasting blood glucose was（ 6. 8 ± 2. 7） mmol /L,the mean TG was（ 1. 34 ± 0. 68） mmol /L,mean TC was（ 5. 10 ± 1. 10） mmol /L,mean HDL was（ 1. 32 ± 0. 30） mmol /L,LDL average was（ 2. 75 ± 0. 90） mmol /L. Conclusion]Stroke patients in rural areas are mainly based in the elderly and their educational level is low. Hypertension,central obesity,overweight or obesity,lack of physical activity,smoking,diabetes,heart disease,dyslipidemia are the main risk factors of stroke in Jinshan rural areas.