某新建火电厂锅炉化学清洗有害因素职业暴露评价及防护

目的针对作业人员可能接触的化学毒物进行职业暴露分析,将健康风险进行分级和定量评价,提出可采取的职业卫生控制措施,降低人员接触风险,保护劳动者健康。方法以职业卫生相关法规及风险矩阵半定量分析评估模型为基础进行计算和综合分析。结果该新建火电厂投入使用前锅炉清洗涉及到的化学药品人员接触风险水平较高,氨、联氨、硫酸、氢氧化钠的风险级别均为4级,应予以关注和防护。结论在实施有效的工程控制,提供必要的个人防护用品,制定应急救援预案,配备现场应急救援设施和用品,制定和实施安全、正确的工作程序后,可有效降低风险水平。

Evaluation and protection on occupational exposure to hazard factors of boiler chemical cleaning in a new thermal power plant

[Objective]To take an occupational exposure analysis on possible chemical poisons,carry out the classification and quantitative evaluation on health risks,propose the feasible occupational health control measures,reduce the exposure risk of workers,and protect labors＇ health. [Methods]On the basis of related occupational health regulations and semi-quantitative risk analysis matrix evaluation model,the calculation and comprehensive analysis were performed.[Results]The workers who contacted with chemicals of boiler cleaning before production in this new thermal power plant had higher exposure risk. The risk levels of ammonia,hydrazine,sulfate and sodium hydroxide were identified as grade four. The plant should pay attention to this problem and take protective measures.[Conclusion]To implement the effective engineering control,provide the necessary personal protective equipments,make the emergency rescue plan,equip with the on-site emergency rescue facilities and supplies,develop and implement the safety and proper work procedures can effectively reduce the level of risk.