2010—2012年广州市黄埔区职业病发病情况

目的分析广州市黄埔区职业病发病特点,为科学防治提供依据。方法回顾性分析2010—2012年广州市黄埔区新发职业病流行病学特征。结果①2010—2012年广州市黄埔区新发职业病37例,其中男性36例（97.3%）。②以青壮年为主,〈45岁病人占75.7%。③诊断病种包括尘肺、噪声聋和苯中毒;其中尘肺占78.4%（29例）,噪声聋占13.5%（5例）;苯中毒占8.1%（3例）。④平均发病工龄为（17.2±5.6）a,其中噪声聋为（17.2±5.6）a,苯中毒为（3.3±1.1）a,尘肺为（9.8±4.2）a;工龄〈10 a的占54.1%。⑤行业分布以船舶修造、石油加工和交通运输设备制造为主,占全部病例的94.6%（35/37）。⑥企业性质与规模：私营（27例,73.0%）,中小型企业（28人,75.7%）发病为多。⑦多数企业3年新发尘肺病超过2人,个别企业一年内新发4例尘肺。结论黄埔区职业病防治形势严峻,预防尘肺病、噪声聋和苯中毒是工作重点,应建立合理有效的管理机制,做好综合防治。

Analysis on the incidence of occupational diseases in Guangzhou City from 2010-2012

Objective]To analyze the characteristics of occupational diseases in Huangpu District of Guangzhou City,and provide evidence for scientific prevention and control.Methods]A retrospective analysis was performed on the epidemiological characteristics of new occupational disease cases in Huangpu District of Guangzhou City from 2010-2012.Results]①A total of 37 new occupational disease cases were reported in Huangpu District of Guangzhou City from 2010-2012,36 were male cases（ 97. 3%）.②Most of the patients were young adults,patients 45 years occupied 75.7%. ③The identified diseases included pneumoconiosis（29 cases,78.4%）,noise deafness（5 cases,13.5%） and benzene poisoning（3 cases,8.1%）. ④The average exposure length of the patients was（ 17. 2 ± 5. 6） years,including noise deafness（ 17. 2 ± 5. 6） years,benzene poisoning（ 3. 3 ± 1. 1） years,pneumoconiosis（ 9. 8 ± 4. 2） years,length 10 years accounted for 54. 1%. ⑤Most cases were in industries of ship building,oil processing and transportation equipment manufacturing,accounting for 94. 6% of all cases（ 35 /37）; ⑥73. 0% of the patients（ 27cases） were in private enterprises,75. 7%（ 28 cases） were in small and medium-sized enterprises; ⑦Most enterprises had more than 2 new pneumoconiosis patients for three years,some enterprises had 4 new cases within a year.Conclusion]The situation of occupational disease control is serious in Huangpu District. The control of pneumoconiosis,noise deaf and benzene poisoning is key content. It is necessary to establish rational and effective management mechanism,and do well in comprehensive prevention.