广州市白云区社区医务人员饮食行为习惯及膳食营养摄入调查

目的了解社区医护人员饮食行为习惯和营养摄入状况,为医务人员制定有针对性的健康教育计划。方法在广州市白云区各社区卫生服务中心招募符合条件的志愿者,采用定量食物频数问卷的方法,对调查对象每日摄入食物种类和数量以及膳食行为习惯进行调查并评价。结果社区医护人员饮食行为习惯：73.0%的医务人员每天吃早餐,47.8%自评饮食偏咸,40.3%自评日常饮食偏油腻,50%以上的人每周摄入奶及奶制品,70%的人每天吃蔬菜,35%的人每天吃水果。社区医务人员膳食摄入情况：粮谷类为181.01 g/d,水果为175.47 g/d,奶及奶制品为129.33 g/d,大豆类及坚果为91.62 g/d,畜禽类为148.40 g/d,平均用油量为28.05 g/d。社区医务人员膳食能量为7 623.37 kJ/d（1 822.03 kcal/d）,碳水化合物摄入量为223.12g/d,供能比为48.98%;蛋白质摄入量为79.71 g/d,供能比为17.50%;脂肪摄入量为72.20 g/d,供能比为35.66%。结论社区医务人员饮食行为习惯和膳食摄入情况具有较大的改善空间,因此加强对社区医务人员营养知识行为的宣教,对慢病预防及营养干预具有意义。

An investigation on dietary habits and nutrient intake of community medical workers in Baiyun District of Guangzhou City

Objective ] To investigate the status of dietary habits and nutrient intake of community medical workers, develop a targeted health education plan for medical workers. Methods ] The volunteers were recruited from community health service centers in Baiyun District of Guangzhou City. The quantitative food frequency questionnaire （FFQ） was used to investigate and assess the types and amount of daily food intake, as well as the dietary habits of respondents. Results ] The dietary habits of community medical workers： 73.0% of respondents ate breakfast every day, 47.8% reported the over salted diet, 40.3% reported the greasy diet, over 50% ate milk and milk products every week, 70% ate vegetables every day, and 35% ate fruit every day. The nutrient intakes of community medical workers included cereals （ 181.01 g/d）, fruits （ 175.47g/d）, milk and milk products （ 129.33 g/d）, beans and nuts （91.62 g/d）, livestock and poultry meat （148.40 g/d）, and the average dietary oil intake was 28.05 g/d. The total energy intake was 7 623.37 kJ/d （ 1 822.03 kcal/d）. The carbohydrate intake was 223.12 g/d with the energy supply ratio of 48.98%, protein intake was 79.71 g/d with the energy supply ratio of 17.50% , and fat intake was 72.20 g/d with the energy supply ratio of 35.66%. Conclusion] The dietary habits and nutrient intake of community medical workers has a great room for improvement. Thus strengthening the education of nutrition knowledge and behavior among community medical workers has great significance on chronic disease prevention and nutrition intervention.