长期接触有机磷农药对机体血液指标的影响

目的观察分析南京市某有机磷农药生产企业人员外周血象（包括WBC、PLT、RBC和Hb）、丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）和胆碱酯酶（CHE）结果的变化情况,探讨不同工种、不同工龄、不同性别与研究指标之间的关系,为减少职业危害提供科学依据。方法对2013年某有机磷农药生产企业1 138名人员和某外厂692名未接触有机磷农药的工人进行外周血象、ALT和CHE检测分析。结果有机磷组的WBC为（6.0±1.47）×10^9/L,PLT为（158.2±52.29）×10^9/L,RBC为（4.59±0.49）×10^12/L,Hb为（137.3±15.93）g/L,ALT为（24.9±19.78）U/L,CHE为（248.3±85.43）U/L,均在正常参考范围内;但WBC、PLT、RBC、Hb和CHE均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（均P〈0.01）。不同工种间,PLT、Hb、RBC、ALT和CHE的差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,操作工的WBC为（5.97±1.47）×10^9/L,PLT为（155.7±51.55）×10^9/L,RBC为（4.58±0.49）×10^12/L,Hb为（137.1±16.0）g/L,ALT为（24.1±17.33）U/L,CHE为（236.3±86.06）U/L,均低于管理人员,差异均有统计学意义。随着接害工龄的增加,血液检查的各项指标有逐渐降低的趋势,其中,5-15 a组的CHE为（213.6±83.85）U/L,RBC（4.49±0.52）×10^12/L,Hb为（133.9±16.99）g/L,显著低于〈5 a组,差异有统计学意义。CHE的异常率在性别间差异有统计学意义。结论长期接触有机磷农药对生产工人的外周血象,ALT和CHE有一定的负面影响,对工龄5-15年的影响尤为明显。

Influence of long-term exposed to organophosphorus pesticide on blood index

Objective]To observe and analyze the changes of detection results of peripheral hemogram（ WBC,PLT,RBC and HB）,alanine transaminase（ALT） and cholinesterase（CHE） among workers in organophosphorus pesticide production enterprise,explore the relationships of different types of work,working ages and genders with research indicators,and provide a scientific basis for reducing the occupational hazards.Methods]The peripheral hemogram,ALT and CHE of 1 138 workers in an organophosphorus pesticide production enterprise and 691 workers from another enterprise who didn＇t expose to organophosphorus pesticide were detected and analyzed. Results]In organophosphorus pesticide group, WBC was（ 6. 0 ± 1. 47） × 109/L, PLT was（158.2 ±52.29） ×10^9L,RBC was（4. 59 ± 0. 49） × 1012/L,Hb was（137. 3 ± 15. 93） g /L,ALT was（24. 9 ± 19. 78）IU /L,CHE was（248. 3 ± 85. 43）IU /L,they were all within the normal reference ranges,but WBC,PLT,RBC,HB and CHE were lower than those in control group,and the differences were statistically significant（all P 0. 01）. The differences of PLT,Hb,RBC,ALT and CHE among workers from different types of work were statistically significant（ P 0. 01）. Among operators,WBC was（5.97±1.47） ×10^9L,PLT was（155. 7 ±51. 55） ×10^9L,RBC was（4. 58 ±0. 49） ×10^12/L,Hb was（137. 1 ±16. 0）g/L,ALT was（24.1 ±17.33） IU/L and CHE was（236.3 ±86.06） IU/L,they were all lower than those of administrators,and the differences were statistically significant. With the increasing of working age exposed to occupational hazards,all indicators of blood tests had a tendency to decrease gradually. Of which,among workers in 5-15 a group,CHE was（ 213. 6 ± 83. 85） IU /L,RBC was（4.49 ±0.52） ×10^12L and Hb was（133. 9 ± 16. 99） g /L,lower than those in 5 a group,and the differences were statistically significant. The difference of abnormal rate of CHE in different genders was statistically significant. Conclusion]Long-term exposed to organophosphate pe