儿童铅暴露与哮喘发病风险的病例对照研究

背景:环境中某些因素会明显影响儿童哮喘的发生以及转归。铅是显著影响儿童生长发育的主要环境因素之一。目的:探讨儿童不同程度铅暴露水平与哮喘发病风险之间的关系。方法:使用成组的病例对照研究方法,主要采用问卷调查方式对调查数据进行单因素和多因素条件Logistic回归分析。结果:哮喘儿童血铅水平明显高于正常健康儿童,而不同哮喘发作程度儿童的血铅水平无显著差异。单因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,有9个因素与儿童哮喘有关联;多因素条件Logistic回归分析显示5个因素被纳入方程,分别为儿童过敏史和特异性体质(OR为15.76)、家族哮喘病史(OR为11.59)、家族同居人员吸烟(OR为4.02)、儿童血铅水平(OR为3.17)和父母铅职业暴露(OR为1.98)。结论:哮喘儿童与健康儿童血铅水平存在差异,且铅暴露可能增加儿童哮喘的发病风险。

Case - control study on relationship between lead exposure and asthma in children

Background:The development of children's asthma is widely influenced by various environmental factors and lead is the mainly factor which significantly affects children's growth and development.Objective: To investigate the relationship between lead exposure and the onset risk of asthma in children.Methods: A hospital-based case-control study was performed in children asthma patients and healthy control mainly by questionnaire.Available data were analyzed by Uni-and Multi-conditional Logistic regression methods.Results: The levels of serum lead in asthma children were markedly higher than that of control group and no significant difference was found among the children with different degree of asthmatic attack.Nine factors was identified to be related to asthma using uni-conditional Logistic regression method.Five factors in multiple Logistic regression model were: the history of allergia(OR=15.76),history of family asthma(OR=11.59),environmental smoking exposure(OR=4.02),levels of children serum lead(OR=3.17) and parents lead occupational exposure(OR=1.98).Conclusion: The lead exposure of children can increase the onset risk of asthma and more studies are needed to confirm this relationship.