基于问题学习的教学模式在血液透析临床带教中的应用

目的分析和评价基于问题学习(problem-based learning,PBL)的教学法在血液透析临床带教中的应用效果。方法选择我校正式进入实习阶段的2009级四年制护理本科生246名,按进入血透室实习时间划分试验组(单月)126名,对照组(双月)120名。对照组采取"一带一"教学法,试验组采用PBL教学法,比较两组教学效果。结果试验组学生血液透析理论知识、技能操作优良率分别为79.37%、88.10%,高于对照组的68.34%和79.17%(P<0.05);试验组解决问题能力、自主学习能力得分分别为(38.69±6.01)分、(109.45±21.31)分,高于对照组的(19.87±2.33)分、(68.57±14.07)分(P<0.05)。结论 PBL教学法在提高护理实习生血液透析知识的认知和技术能力上有益,在培养其在工作环境中解决问题的能力,构建其自主学习的意识上有帮助。

Effects of problem-based learning in the clinical teaching of hemodialysis among undergraduate nursing students

Objective To evaluate the effects of problem-based learning（PBL） in the clinical teaching of hemodialysis among undergraduate nursing stduents. Methods A total of 246 baccalaureate nursing students practiced in the hemodialysis room were divided into the experimental group（n=126） and the control group（n=120）. Traditional one to one teaching mode and PBL teaching mode was adopted in the control group and the experimental group,respectively. Results The excellent rates in the theoretical exam and skills test related to hemodialysis,as well as the students＇ problem-solving ability and self-directed learning ability in the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group（P〈0.05）. Conclusion PBL teaching mode is beneficial in enhancing nursing students＇ hemodialysis knowledge and skills,cultivating students＇ problem-solving ability and promoting self-directed learning.