丙烯酰胺和环氧丙酰胺的神经毒性研究

环氧丙酰胺（ＧＡ）是丙烯酰胺（ＡＡ）的环氧化代谢物。为了探讨ＡＡ的神经毒性与其代谢过程的关系，通过对大鼠的行为学和神经生化试验以及神经病理检查，对比了ＡＡ和ＧＡ的神经毒性。分别给大鼠腹腔注射ＡＡ（２５和５０ｍｇ／ｋｇ）和ＧＡ（５０和１００ｍｇ／ｋｇ），每天１次，连续８天。结果表明：在转轮试验、后肢撑力试验和外周神经组织甘油醛－３－磷酸脱氢酶活性的测定中，均表现为ＡＡ的毒害作用大于ＧＡ。神经病理检查也提供了ＡＡ引起外周神经损伤的证据，而ＧＡ染毒的大鼠却未见病理改变，可见神经组织更易受到ＡＡ的损害。提示：ＡＡ的神经毒性作用系由其本身引起，而受其代谢物影响较小。

A Study on Neurotoxicity of Acrylamide and Glycidamide

Glycidamide (GA) is an epoxide metabolite of acrylamide (AA). Neurotoxicity of both GA and AA was compared by their performance in behavioral, neuro biochemical and neuropathological studies. Male rats were injected peritoneally with AA (25 or 50 mg/kg) or GA (50 or 100 mg/kg) once daily for eight days. Results showed that toxic effects of AA were greater than those of GA in wheel rotation test, hind limb splay test, and activities of glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) in peripheral nerves in rats. Results of neuropathological examinations in experimental rats also provided evidence that AA could cause damage to peripheral nerves, but GA did not. It indicated that nerve tissue was more vulnerable to AA than to GA. Also, it suggested that neurotoxic effects of AA was caused by itself, and influenced less by its metabolite GA.