四川省大学生乙型病毒性肝炎防治知识及态度调查

目的了解四川省在校大学生乙型病毒性肝炎（乙肝）防治知识及态度情况,为进一步在高校开展行之有效的肝炎健康教育工作提供科学依据。方法在全省95所高校按各校人数1%比例随机抽取在校学生共计12957名进行肝炎防治知识及态度的问卷调查。结果 88.62%被调查大学生知道预防乙肝的最有效方法是接种乙肝疫苗;对乙肝的主要传播途径知晓率在18.99%-66.32%之间;不同性别、不同民族、医学和非医学专业的同学知晓情况的差异有统计学意义（P值均〈0.05）;当＂得知同学是乙肝病毒携带者＂时,8.58%的同学会尽量回避交往,当问及＂与乙肝病毒携带者进餐的态度＂,选择介意和很介意的同学占26.63%%;采用spearman相关性分析、多元线性回归分析结果发现：随着对乙肝非传播途径、主要传播途径、预防措施等相关防治知识的认识水平提高,大学生更趋向于采取正向态度对待乙肝病毒携带者;广播电视、医生教育及宣传画报是在校大学生获取肝炎防治知识的主要途径。结论四川省大学生对乙肝防治知识有一定了解,但对知识掌握不全面系统,不同人群知识的掌握水平也不同,故有必要在高校开展有针对性的肝健康教育工作。

Knowledge and Attitude on Hepatitis B Among Undergraduates in Sichuan

Objective To investigate the knowledge and attitude on hepatitis B among undergraduates in Sichuan, and thus provide scientific evidence for health education in universities. Methods A total of 12 957 undergraduates from 95 universities in Sichuan province were investigated with the uniformed questionnaires with content about hepatitis I3. Results A proportion of 88. 62 % undergraduates aware of the most effective preventive measure against hepatitis B. The awareness rates of main transmission routes of hepatitis B was 18.99 %-66.32 %. The difference of the awareness rates on genders, nationalities and majors were statistically significant （P〈0. 05）. A proportion of 8.58 % undergraduates would prefer to avoid touching carriers; 26.63% considered they with HBV would mind eating with HBV carriers. The spearman＇ s correlation and multiple linear regression analysis showed that with the increasing of awareness level of non-transmission routes, transmission routes and prevention knowledge on hepatitis B, the students tended to hold a more positive attitude toward hepatitis B carriers. Most of the undergraduates acquired knowledge of hepatitis B from radio and TV, doctor education and pictorials. Conclusion The undergraduates in Sichuan have learned some knowledge of hepatitis B, yet not comprehensive and systematic. Meanwhile, awareness level varies with different populations, indicating a necessity of carrying out health education of hepatitis B in universities.