年龄对自然更年期后女性脑干言语编码能力的影响

目的 分析年龄对更年期后女性脑干言语编码能力的影响.方法 对纯音听阈、声导抗 、短声听性脑干反应(click-ABR)测试结果均正常的20例双侧卵巢切除女性(43~53岁)和20例自然更年期后女性(50~61岁)行言语诱发听性脑干反应(speech-ABR)测试,刺激声为/da/音,采用插入式耳机,右耳给声,比较两组speech-ABR测试结果.结果 双侧卵巢切除女性和自然更年期后女性speech-ABR波形特征类似,均由瞬态反应(V、A和O波)、过渡部分C波以及周期性反应(D、E、F波)构成;与更年期后女性相比,双侧卵巢切除女性除瞬态成分O波潜伏期(48.10±0.98 ms)显著短于更年期后女性(48.87±0.50 ms)(P<0.01),周期成分F波幅值(-0.13±0.07 μV)显著大于更年期后女性(-0.09±0.04 μV)(P<0.05),其余各波的幅值、潜伏期及V/A复合波斜度差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05).将两组数据合并后就年龄对speech-ABR各波幅值及潜伏期的关系进行相关性分析,结果显示仅O波潜伏期与年龄成轻度正相关关系(P<0.05),其余各波幅值及潜伏期与患者年龄均无相关性.结论 年龄对更年期后脑干言语编码能力的影响较小,仅表现为使脑干听觉神经元对刺激末信号放电的同步性和时间分辨力降低.

The Effects of Aging on the Brain Stem Speech Encoding in Spontaneous Post-menopause Women

Objective To investigate the effects of aging on the brain stem speech encoding in spontaneous post-menopause women.Methods There were twenty post-menopause women with normal hearing for test and twenty ovariectomized women with normal hearing for contrast.Speech-evoked auditory brainstem response (speech-ABR) was used.The speech syllable /da/ as stimulus sound was transmitted to right ear by the insert earphones in speech-ABR test.Results Response waves of speech-ABR in ovariectomized women were similar to those in post-menopause women, which contained the onset response (peak V and A), the transition (peak C), the frequency following responses (peak D, E and F) and the offset response (peak O).The characteristics of speech-ABR's peak latency and magnitude were similar between the two groups.Except that the bilateral ovariectomized women had a shorter latency of waves O for the transient response (P<0.01), the larger amplitude of peak F for the periodic portion than post-menopause women (P<0.05).No significant differences were found in the amplitude the latency of the other waves, and V/A slope between bilateral ovariectomized women (0.21±0.10 μV /ms)and post-menopause women (-0.20±0.09 μV/ms) was similar and had no statistical significance (P>0.05).After the combination of ovariectomized women and post-menopause women, the age of these subjects was positively correlated with the latency of O wave (P<0.05).Others had no correlation with age in the amplitude and latency of the waves of speech-ABR.Conclusion Aging does not affect on brain stem speech encoding in spontaneous post-menopause women.