2014年全国学生体质健康调研结果

目的了解近年来中小学生健康状况，为制定相关营养健康策略提供科学依据。方法收集2014—2016年上海市金山区某镇共14 523名在校中小学生的健康体检资料，分析学生的身高、体重、消瘦率、肥胖率、贫血率及生长迟滞率。结果上海市金山区朱泾镇各年龄中小学生身高、体重均数均高于全国同年龄学生的平均水平；该镇中小学生3年间消瘦率、贫血率、生长迟滞率有下降趋势，学生肥胖率有上升趋势；男生及女生消瘦率均随着年龄的增加呈上升趋势，中小学生的贫血率、生长迟滞率随着年龄的增加呈下降趋势，而肥胖率未见明显变化趋势。结论中小学生营养健康状况不容忽视，应区分年龄差异，采取切实可行的预防措施，提高学生的营养健康状况水平。

Health status analysis on primary or middle school students in a town of Jingshan District of Shangai

ObjectiveTo investigate the current health status of primary or middle school students in the area, providing evidence for effective intervention measures and related nutritional strategy.MethodsThe physical examination data of primary or middle school students in Jinshan District, Shanghai from 2014 to 2016 were collected.To analyze the nutritional status of students, the collected data were analyzed by Excel 2010 and SPSS 20.0 statistical software.ResultsThe height and weight of the primary or middle school students in Zhujing Town of Jingshan District of Shanghai City were higher than the national average level of students of all ages throughout the country.By the linear chi square test, the rate of emaciation, anemia and growth retardation of primary or middle school students in Zhujing Town had downward trends; the rate of obesity had an upward trend.By the trend chi-square test, the emaciation rate of primary or middle school students in Zhujing Town, increased with age.The anemia rate and growth retardation rate of primary or middle school students showed a decreasing trend with age.However, their obesity rate showed no obvious changing trend.ConclusionThe health and nutritional status of primary or middle school students should not be neglected.We should take practical preventive measures according to the difference of age, so as to improve the nutritional health status of students.