2009—2013年无锡市5岁以下儿童死亡现状及趋势分析

目的了解宁海县5岁以下儿童死亡原因变化情况。方法对2010—2015年宁海县235例5岁以下儿童死亡资料进行分析。结果2010—2015年宁海县5岁以下儿童死亡率呈下降趋势。前3位死因依次为出生缺陷、早产和窒息。未治疗比例呈下降趋势，由2010年28.6%下降至6.06%，住院治疗和门诊治疗所占比例分别由47.6%和23.8%增至54.55%和39.39%。结论加强围产期保健管理，加强出生缺陷预防，最大限度地降低出生缺陷和早产儿的出生，提高助产服务机构的产科急救能力，规范新生儿窒息抢救技术，提高产科、儿科质量，积极开展对儿童家长和看护人的健康教育，降低婴儿特别是新生儿的死亡率，是降低5岁以下儿童死亡率的关键措施。

Analysis on causes of death for children under age 5 in Ninghai County of Zhejiang Province from 2010 to 2015

ObjectiveTo understand the change of causes of death for children under age 5 in Ninghai County.MethodsThe data for 235 child death cases of children under age 5 in Ninghai County from 2010 to 2015 were analyzed.ResultsThe mortality rate of children under age 5 decreased in Ninghai County from 2010 to 2015. The top three causes of death were birth defects, premature birth and asphyxia in due order. The proportion of untreated child patients took on a downward trend, and decreased from 28.6% in 2010 to 6.06%. The percentage of inpatient treatments rose from 47.6% to 54.55%, and the percentage of outpatient treatments rose from 23.8% to 39.39%.ConclusionStrengthening perinatal care management, reinforcing prevention against birth defects, minimizing the births of children with birth defects as well as premature infants, improving the capability of obstetric first aid of midwifery service institutions, standardizing the technologies of rescuing neonatal infants with asphyxia, improving the quality of work of obstetrics and pediatrics departments, actively implementing health education for parents of children and caregivers thereof, reducing the mortality rate of infants, especially neonatal infants, are key measures for reducing the mortality rate of children under age 5.