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Clinical utility of EEG in diagnosing and monitoring epilepsy in adults |
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| Authors: | WO Tatum G Rubboli PW Kaplan SM Mirsatari K Radhakrishnan D Gloss LO Caboclo FW Drislane M Koutroumanidis DL Schomer D Kasteleijn-Nolst Trenite Mark Cook S Beniczky |
| Institution: | 1. Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA;2. Department of Neurology, Danish Epilepsy Center, Filadelphia, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Diannalund, Denmark;3. Johns-Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA;4. Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada;5. Department of Neurology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, Kerala, India;6. CAMC Department of Neurology, Charleston, WV, USA;7. Department of Neurology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Saõ Paolo, Brazil;8. Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA;9. Department of Neurology, Guys and St Thomas'' NHS Trust, King’s College, London, United Kingdom;10. Brain Center, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands;11. Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy;12. Department of Neurology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia;13. Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark |
| Abstract: | Electroencephalography (EEG) remains an essential diagnostic tool for people with epilepsy (PWE). The International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology produces new guidelines as an educational service for clinicians to address gaps in knowledge in clinical neurophysiology. The current guideline was prepared in response to gaps present in epilepsy-related neurophysiological assessment and is not intended to replace sound clinical judgement in the care of PWE. Furthermore, addressing specific pathophysiological conditions of the brain that produce epilepsy is of primary importance though is beyond the scope of this guideline. Instead, our goal is to summarize the scientific evidence for the utility of EEG when diagnosing and monitoring PWE. |
| Keywords: | aEEG ambulatory electroencephalography ACNS American Clinical Neurophysiology Society ASD anti-seizure drug CAA-EEG computer-assisted aEEG cEEG continuous electroencephalography ECG electrocardiogram ECS electrical cortical stimulation ECoG electrocorticography EEG electroencephalogram ESI electroencephalographic source imaging EMG electromyography EMU epilepsy monitoring unit EZ epileptogenic zone EE epileptic encephalopathy EPSP excitatory postsynaptic potentials ETLE extratemporal lobe epilepsy FCD focal cortical dysplasia fMRI functional magnetic resonance imaging GABA gamma-aminobutyric acid GGE genetic generalized epilepsies GPSW generalized polyspike-and-waves GSW generalized spike-and-waves GTC generalized tonic-clonic HFOs high-frequency oscillations HV hyperventilation IPSP inhibitory postsynaptic potentials ICU intensive care unit IED interictal epileptiform discharge IPS intermittent photic stimulation IFCN International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology ILAE International League Against Epilepsy iEEG intracranial EEG LGS Lennox-Gastaut syndrome MRI magnetic resonance imaging NCSE nonconvulsive status epilepticus OLE occipital lobe epilepsy PLE parietal lobe epilepsy PWE people with epilepsy PPR photoparoxysmal response PNES psychogenic nonepileptic seizure QEEG quantitative electroencephalogram REM rapid eye movement (sleep) SOZ seizure-onset zone SSW slow spike-and-waves SCORE Standardized Computer-based Organized Reporting of EEG TLE temporal lobe epilepsies VEM video-EEG monitoring EEG Epilepsy Epileptiform Seizure Guideline |
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