新乡地区590例过敏性疾病血清过敏原检测分析

目的：探讨新乡地区过敏性皮肤病的过敏原的种类、分布情况,并比较不同病种及不同年龄阶段的过敏原有无差异。方法整群选取该院2011年1月-2015年5月收治的590例湿疹、荨麻疹过敏性皮肤病患者,釆用AllergyScreen过敏原检测系统对患者进行检测,应用免疫印迹定量法检测患者血清中过敏原特异性IgE抗体和血清总IgE。按疾病将患者分为荨麻疹组和湿疹组,按年龄分为成人组和儿童组,比较组间血清过敏原特异性IgE测定结果。结果590例过敏性疾病患者中,482例血清总IgE阳性,阳性率为81.69%,468例特异性IgE(sIgE)阳性,阳性率为79.32%。食入组过敏原阳性者398例,占67.46%,吸入组过敏原阳性372例,占63.05%,食物组与吸入组过敏原都有阳性反应者206例,阳性率34.92%。湿疹患者食入组、吸入组、及食入组+吸入组阳性率分别为68.46%、64.43%和36.24%,均略高于荨麻疹患者的阳性率,但两者比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05﹚。不同年龄阶段之间食入性过敏原阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),吸入性过敏原阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组之间食入性+吸入性过敏原阳性率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论该研究显示食入性和吸入性过敏原在荨麻疹、湿疹的分布上无明显差异,儿童期以食物性过敏原为主,随着年龄增长,吸入性过敏原阳性率逐渐增高。因此,为过敏性疾病患者的治疗和预防提供了理论依据。

Detection Analysis of Serum Allergen of 590 Cases with Hypersensitivity Dis-ease in Xinxiang Prefecture

Objective To discuss the kind and distribution of allergen of allergic skin disease in Xinxiang Prefecture and compare the difference between different kinds and different age grades of allergen. Methods 590 cases of patients with eczema and urticaria treated in our hospital from January 2011 to May 2015 were selected and detected by AllergyScreen system, the allergen-specific IgE antibody and the total IgE in serum were quantitatively detected by western blot, the pa-tients were divided into the urticaria group and the eczema group according to the disease and divided into the adult group and the children group according to the age, the detection result of allergen-specific IgE in serum between groups was compared. Results In the 590 cases of patients with hypersensitivity disease, the serum total IgE was positive in 482 cases, and the positive rate was 81.69%, the specificity IgE ( sIgE ) was positive in 468 cases and the positive rate was 79.32%, there were 398 allergen positive patients in the ingestion group, accounting for 67.46%, and 372 allergen positive patients in the inhalation group, accounting for 63.05%, both the ingestion group and the inhalation group had 206 cases of allergen positive reaction patients and the positive rate was 34.92%, the positive rates of eczema patients in the ingestion group, the inhalation group and the ingestion group plus the inhalation group were respectively 68.46%, 64.43% and 36.24%, which were slightly higher than those in the urticaria patients in the three groups, but the difference was not statistically signifi-cant by comparison (P>0.05﹚, the difference in the ingested allergen positive rate between different age grades was obvious (P<0.05), the difference in the inhaled allergen positive rate between different age grades was obvious, the difference in the ingested and inhaled allergen positive rate between the two groups was not obvious (P> 0.05). Conclusion The study shows that the difference in the distribution of urticaria and eczema of the ingested allergen and inhaled allergen is not obvious, the ingested allergen is the main in the childhood, the positive rate of the ingested allergen gradually increases with age, therefore, it can provide the theoretical basis for the treatment and prevention of patients with allergic disease.